Foot Injuries Flashcards
Meniscus Injury
- can be associated with ligament injury (MCL)
- Mechanism; compression, and rotation femur/tibia
Meniscus Injury S/S
Swelling, clicking, locking
Meniscus Treatment
- Surgical, total removal or stitch
- Non-surgical, RICE,
ACL Injury Mechanism
External Rotation of tibia, Knee in valgus position, foot fixed
ACL S/S
Feeling pop, Knee feels unstable, Joint Effusion
ACL Treatment
- Non-Surgical: RICE
- Surgical Treatment: Arthroscopic Surgery, grafts can be used for repair
PCL Injuries
Injured less frequent
PCL Mechanism
Fall on anterior aspect of bent knee with foot plantar flexed, Hyperextension
PCL S/S
Pop, Swelling, Knee feels unstable
MCL Injuries Mechanism
Direct blow from lateral side (valgus stress)
Severe rotation of tibia
MCL Sprain 1st Degree
- Ligamentous fibers are stressed
- joint is stable during stress test
- little or no joint effusion
- some joint stiffness
- almost full range of motion
MCL Sprain 2nd Degree
- Partial tear of ligament
- little to no joint effusion
- moderate to severe joint stiffness
MCL Sprain 3rd Degree
- Complete tear
- moderate joint effusion
MCL Sprain Treatment
1st- RICE
2nd- RICE, Crutch
3rd- RICE, Crutch, Immobilize
LCL Injuries
- Not very common in sports
- Occurs by a medial blow to knee which produces a varus stress
Test for MCL
Valgus Stress Test
Test for LCL
Varus Stress Test
Test for ACL
Anterior Drawer Test
Lachman’s Test
Test for Meniscus
McMurray’s Test
Valgus and Varus Stress Test
apply stress to the knee either medially or laterally
Anterior Drawer Test
The tibia sliding forward from under the femur
Lachman’s Test
attempts to move the tibia anteriorly
McMurray Test
Popping, clicking or pain
Posterior Drawer Test (PCL)
Force is applied in a posterior direction at the proximal tibial plateau
Posterior Sag Test (PCL)
The tibia will appear to sag Posteriorly
Patellar Apprehension
Test for patellar dislocation, positive is pain
