Food tech - Dietary Illnesses

Question 1

obesity

Answer 1

• too much stored fat under the skin
• fat around the abdomen and intestines
• positive energy balance
• overweight
• energy dense food
• no physical activity

Question 2

obesity - diseases

Answer 2

• type 2 diabetes
• heart disease
• breathing difficulties
• high blood pressure
• cancer
• arthritis

Question 3

cardiovascular disease - process

Answer 3

• heart and blood vessels
• coronary arteries blocked by fatty deposits (plaques)
• diet high in saturated fat
• diet high in salt changes volume and consistency of the blood
• inactive life
• family history

Question 4

cardiovascular disease - consequences

Answer 4

• alcohol => CHD
• saturated fat => increase cholesterol => no blood & oxygen => heart attack
• overweight => extra strain on heart => CHD
• smoking => change consistency => clot => heart attack
• ## high blood pressure (hypertension)

Question 5

cardiovascular disease - prevention

Answer 5

• reduce salt intake
• antioxidant A, C and E important
• lose weight / active lifestyle
• reduce stress levels
• limit alcohol intake
• no smoking

Question 6

skeletal disease - process

Answer 6

• strength of bones and teeth in children and adults
• rickets (children), osteoporosis (adults) => deficiency in Vitamin D
• no exposed to sunlight / calcium not absorbed => rickets
• weakened bones => osteoporosis

Question 7

skeletal disease - consequences

Answer 7

• microscopic bacteria => tooth decay
• food / drink with starches and free sugars => build up of plaque => bacteria eats plaque => erodes teeth

Question 8

iron deficiency - process

Answer 8

• anaemia
• deficiency of iron in blood
• Vitamin C absorbs iron
• Vitamin B9 & B12 make haemoglobin
• women menstruating are at risk

Question 9

type 2 diabetes - process

Answer 9

• to produce energy during respiration, continual supply of glucose is needed
• glucose enteres bloodstream after eing absorbed from the food we eat
• ## to get in body, glucose needs hormone called insulin (produced in pancreas)
• ## if not enough insulin, but there is insulin resistance, glucose will stay in bloodstream
• type 1 = cannot be prevented
• type 2 = develops in adults

Question 10

diverticular disease

Answer 10

• related to digestives conditions
• affects the diverticula of large intestines (bowel)
• small bulges / pockets that can develop in the lining of intestines => causing pain / swelling

Question 11

diverticular disease - symptoms

Answer 11

• tummy pain
• feeling bloated
• diarrhoea
• mucus in faeces