Bio - 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

Question 1

respiration - definition

Answer 1

chemical reactions that breakdown glucose in living cells to release energy

Question 2

respiration - purposes

Answer 2

1. muscle contraction
2. protein synthesis
3. cell division
4. active transport
5. growth
6. homeostasis
7. transmitting nerve impulses

Question 3

2 types of respiration

Answer 3

1. aerobic respiration
2. anaerobic respiration

Question 4

aerobic respiration

Answer 4

• uses oxygen
• glucose is broken down with oxygen
• releases more energy
• happens in mitochondria

Question 5

anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

• doesn’t use oxygen
• glucose is broken down without oxygen
• glucose is partially broken down
• happens in cytoplasm

Question 6

aerobic respiration - chemical equation

Answer 6

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy

Question 7

aerobic respiration - word equation

Answer 7

glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 8

anaerobic respiration - word equation (animal/human)

Answer 8

glucose —> lactic acid + energy

Question 9

anaerobic respiration - word equation (plants & yeast)

Answer 9

glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy

*also known as fermentation

Question 10

anaerobic respiration - chemical equation (animal/human)

Answer 10

C6H1206 —> 2C3H6O3 + energy

Question 11

anaerobic respiration - chemical equation (plants & yeast)

Answer 11

C6H12O6 —> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + energy

*also known as fermentation

Question 12

inhalation

Answer 12

• IIM = contract
• EIM = relax
• diaphragm = contract & flattened
• rib cage = moves up & out
• volume = increases
• pressure = decreases

Question 13

features of a alveolus

Answer 13

1. large S.A = quicker
2. thin walls = one cell thick
3. rich blood supply = surrounded by capillaries for concentration gradient
4. close to an efficient transport system

Question 14

gas exchange

Answer 14

• diffusion of oxygen & carbon dioxide into out of an organisms