food Flashcards
what are the benfits of food
provides energy
make necessary chemicals for metabolism
raw materials for growth and repair of organisms
what are the elements in food
carbon, hydron, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur
elements present as dissolved salts
sodium, chlorine, potassium, magnesium, calcium
what are the trace elements
iron, copper, zinc
what is a monosaccharide
a carbohydrate that has one sugar unit.Its soluble in water and it has a sweet tase.An example is glucose or fructose [fruit]
what is a disaccharide
a carbohydrate that has two sugar units combined.Its soluble in water and has a sweet taste.An example is maltose which is glucose and glucose [table sugar]
what is a polysaccharide
a carbohydrate that is a chain of sugars linked.Its insoluble and its not sweet.An example is starch,cellulose or glycogen [pasta,flour]
what is a structural role of carbohydrates
cellulose a carb is used for structure and support in the plant wall of the plant cell
what is a metabolic role of carbohydrates
glucose breaks down to CO2 and water and energy is released
what elements are in lipids
carbon hydrogen and oxygen
what are the components of fats and oils
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
what are the components of phospholipids
glycerol, 2 fatty acids and a phosphate
what are some examples of saturated fats
beef, eggs and dairy
what are some examples of unsaturated fats
olive oil, seeds and fish
what is a structural role of lipids
its part of the cell membrane
what is a metabolic role of lipids
it stores energy
what elements are in proteins
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen and sometimes phosphorus and sulphur
what are amino acids made
proteins [20]
what is peptide
under 20 amino acids
what is a polypeptide
over 20 amino acids
sources of protein
egg, lean meat, beans
give an example of fibrous protein
keratin found in hair
give an example of globular protein
enzymes like amylase
what is a structural role of protein
part of cell membraine
what is a metabolic role of protein
enzymes that take part in metabolic reactions
what is a vitamin
an organic compound required in tiny amounts to keep our body health
what are the fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
what are the water soluble
B, C
Vitamin C
required for the formation of connective tissues. Its found in citrus fruits. The deficiency disease is scurvy- teeth loss and bleeding gums
Vitamin D
Needed for strong bones and absorption of calcium. Found in sun, egg yolks and dairy. Deficiency disease is rickets- weak and deformed bones
give a mineral found in plants
calcium found in the salts in the soil and it helps cell walls attach to eachother
give a mineral found in animals
calcium found in milk and cheese and it helps form bones and teeth.
give functions of water
component of cytoplasm and body fluids like plasma
provides structure for cells
good heat absorber
what is the general formula for carbs
Cx(H2O)y
