ecology

Question 1

what is ecology

Answer 1

study of interations between liviving things and their environment

Question 2

biosphere

Answer 2

part of the planet containing living organisms

Question 3

ecosysytem

Answer 3

group of clearly distinguished organims that interact with their environment as a unit

Question 4

whatv is a habitat

Answer 4

the place where an organism lives

Question 5

population

Answer 5

all the members of the same species living in an area

Question 6

community

Answer 6

all the different populations in an area

Question 7

abiotic factors

Answer 7

non living factors

Question 8

biotic factors

Answer 8

living factors

Question 9

climatric factors

Answer 9

weather over a long period of time

Question 10

edaphic factors

Answer 10

refers to soil

Question 11

prpoducers

Answer 11

organisms that carry out photosynthesis

Question 12

consumers

Answer 12

organisms that take in food from another organism

Question 13

decomposers

Answer 13

organims that feed on dead organic matter

Question 14

detritus feeders

Answer 14

organisms that feed on small pieces ofdead organic matter

Question 15

food chain

Answer 15

sequence of organisms in which one is eaten by the next in the chain

Question 16

ecosystem

Answer 16

group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment as a unit

Question 17

trophic level

Answer 17

feeding stage in a food chain

Question 18

fauna

Answer 18

all the animals in an ecosystem

Question 19

flora

Answer 19

all the plants in an ecosystem

Question 20

food web

Answer 20

consists of two or more interlinked food chains

Question 21

niche

Answer 21

specific functional role an organism plays

Question 22

pyrimid of numbers

Answer 22

number of organisms at each trophic level or stage

Question 23

nutrient recycling

Answer 23

the way in which elements are exchanged between the living and non living components of an ecosystem

Question 24

nitrogen fixation

Answer 24

conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia ammonium or nitrate

Question 25

nitrification

Answer 25

conversion of ammonia nd ammonium to nitrite and nitrate

Question 26

denitrification

Answer 26

conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas

Question 27

pollution

Answer 27

any harmful addition ton the environment

Question 28

pollutants

Answer 28

harmful additives to the environment

Question 29

conservation

Answer 29

wise management of the existing natural resources in an ecosystem in order to maintain a wide range of habitats and prevent the death and extinction of organisms

Question 30

competition

Answer 30

when organisms actively struggle for a limited resource

Question 31

inter specific

Answer 31

between members of a different species Rabbits compete for food

Question 31

intra specific

Answer 31

between members of the same Grass and buttercup compete for light

Question 32

contest competion

Answer 32

active physical contest between two individual organisms for a resource in short supply and one wins

Question 33

scramble competition

Answer 33

all competing organisms get some of the resource

Question 34

predator

Answer 34

organism that catches kills and eats another organism

Question 35

prey

Answer 35

organism that is caught and eaten by predator

Question 36

parasitism

Answer 36

two orgasims of different species live in close association with eachother and one organism obtains food from the other and to the disadvantage of the other

Question 37

symbiosis

Answer 37

two organisms of different species live in close association and at least one of them benefits

Question 38

qualitative study

Answer 38

study of the presence or absence of organisms

Question 39

quantitative study

Answer 39

study of the number of an organism present

Question 40

ecological key

Answer 40

means of naming an organism by answering a series of questions with alternative answers

Question 41

give some abiotic factors

Answer 41

steepness altitude aspect

Question 42

give some biotic factors

Answer 42

food predation competition parasitism

Question 43

give some edaphic factors

Answer 43

soil ph soil type organic matter in soil

Question 44

give some climatic factors

Answer 44

rainfall humidity temperature day length

Question 45

give some aquatic factors

Answer 45

oxygen concentration- a lower O2 conc in water affects animal and plant life light- the plants at the bottom of the water are less exposed to light so they can only grow properly in shallow water current- flowing water or waves can carry plants away

Question 46

give conservation practices for fisheries

Answer 46

-larger nets allow young fish to escape and breed -fish quotas ensure that there is enough fish to replenish stocks -checking fishing equipment prevent any problems

Question 47

Endoparasite

Answer 47

Lives on the inside of host i.e tapeworms in the intestine