breathing system

Question 1

what is the function of the nose

Answer 1

air is inhaled through the nose and our nose hair filters this air. The air is also warmed as it passes through

Question 2

what is the function of the epiglottis

Answer 2

flap of tissue that closes over trachea when we swallow

Question 3

what is the function of the larynx

Answer 3

two vocal chords vibrate and make sound

Question 4

what is the function of the trachea

Answer 4

air travels down the trachea

Question 5

what is the fnctionrings of cartilage

Answer 5

stop trachea from closing when air travels through

Question 6

what is the function of bronchus/bronchiole

Answer 6

divides trachea

Question 7

what is the function of alveoli/alveolus

Answer 7

hollow air sacks where gas exchange takes place in lung

Question 8

what is the function of the lung

Answer 8

large pink sponge structure where gas exchange takes place. Its lined with the pleural membrane

Question 9

what is gas exchange

Answer 9

gas exchange occurs in the alveoli. W e breath oxygen which enters the alveoli. CO2 and water diffuses out of the cytoplasm and into the blood plasma and then into the alveoli . The oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood where it then diffuses into body cells

Question 10

what does mucus do

Answer 10

traps small particles like dust

Question 11

what does cillia do

Answer 11

create an upward current forcing the mucus to move up and past the epiglottis and into the stomach

Question 12

where is the respiratory system located

Answer 12

thoracic cavity

Question 13

what is the diaphragm

Answer 13

a sheet of involuntary muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdomen

Question 14

what do the ribs and intercostal muscles do

Answer 14

form the walls of the thoracic cavity

Question 15

what is the pleural cavity

Answer 15

the gap between the pleura lining the thoracic wall and the lung. It contains a liquid that reduces friction during breathing

Question 16

what is the inhalation process

Answer 16

air is breathes in through nose or mouth. A message is sent from the brain to the intercostal muscles. They use energy in the form of adp to contract .The chest cavity volume increases. the diaphragm curves down. The pressure in the chest cavity decreases .The ribs move up and out. air is forced into the lungs as the external air pressure is higher than the air pressure in the chest.

Question 17

what is the process of exhalation

Answer 17

the intercostal muscles relax. The diaphragm curves up. The volume of the chest cavity decreases. The air pressure in the chest cavity increases. Air is forced out of lungs.

Question 18

what is the effect of exercise on respiration

Answer 18

exercise increases the rate of respiration therefore the body is low in oxygen and CO2 levels increase causing a drop in PH. The medulla oblongata in the brain detects this and increases our breathing level. Exhalation is normally a passive process but during exercise it becomes a active process.

Question 19

what is a breathing disorder and list the symptoms, causes, prevention and treatment

Answer 19

asthma
noisy wheezy breathing or breathlessness
allergens such as dust mites, house dust, pollen etc.
lower bronchioles becoming inflamed or narrow
identifying and avoiding those allergens or preventative inhalers
bronchodilators causing bronchioles to widen

Question 20

why is alveoli suitable for gas exchange

Answer 20

over 700 million so large surface area
1 cell thick
rich blood supply
moist surfaces