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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING > FON SKILLS REVIEW > Flashcards

FON SKILLS REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

head lice

A

pediculosis

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2
Q
  • Brittle Hair (sign) (too much cortisol)
A

Cushing’s Syndrome -

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3
Q

(when cell-damaging free radicals
inhibit the body’s repair processes) may affect
pigment-producing cells

A

Oxidative stress (

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4
Q

washing of the hair and scalp of the
patient in bed

A

BED SHAMPOO

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5
Q

awaken in the morning; providing a
urinal or bedpan to the client confined to bed, washing the face
and hands, and giving oral care

A

EARLY MORNING CARE

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6
Q

after breakfast; elimination needs, a bath or
shower, perineal care, back massages, and oral, nail, and hair
care. Making the client’s bed is part of morning care

A

MORNING CARE -

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7
Q

before they retire for the
night

A

. HOUR OF SLEEP OR PM CARE

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8
Q
  • cleaning and providing hygienic care to clients in bed
  • stimulates circulation
A

bed bath n ( dilates superficial arterioles)

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9
Q
  • are given chiefly for hygiene purposes and
    include these types:
A

CLEANSING BATHS

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10
Q

The nurse washes the entire body of
a dependent client in bed.

A

COMPLETE BED BATH

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11
Q

Clients confined to bed are able to
bathe themselves with help from the nurse for washing the
back and perhaps the feet

A

SELF-HELP BED BATH

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12
Q
  • Only the parts of the
    client’s body that might cause discomfort or odor; the face,
    hands, axillae, perineal area, and back.
A

➔ PARTIAL BATH (abbreviated bath)

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13
Q
  • a commercially prepared product that contains 10
    to 12 presoaked disposable washcloths; warmed in a
    microwave
A

BAG BATH

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14
Q

large towel that has been soaked with warm
water and no-rinse soap.

A

TOWEL BATH.

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15
Q
  • preferred to bed baths because it is easier to
    wash and rinse in a tub
    ➔ SPONGE BATHS - for th
A

Tub Bath

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16
Q

for the newborn

A

sponge bath

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17
Q
  • Many ambulatory clients are able to use shower
    facilities and require only minimal assistance from the nurse
A

shower

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18
Q

are given for physical
effects; taken in a tub one third or one half full. The client remains
in the bath for a designated time,

A

Therapeutic Baths (20 to 30mins)

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19
Q

retains water and heat better than a
cloth loosely held

A

MAKING A BATH MITT

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20
Q

1) Lay your hand on the washcloth;(2) fold the top corner over your
hand; (3, 4) fold the side corners over your hand; (5) tuck the second
corner under the cloth on the palmar side to secure the mitt

A

Triangular method

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21
Q

Lay your hand on the wash-cloth and fold one side over your
hand; (2) fold the sec-ond side over your hand; (3) fold the top of the
cloth down; and (4) tuck it under the folded side against your palm to
secure the mitt

A

. Rectangular Method

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22
Q

S - wipe from inner to outer

A

CLEANING THE EYES

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23
Q

CHECKING FOR BROKEN SKIN

A

bony prominences

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24
Q
  • comes from the Arabic word “mass” denoting “to
    press”; rubbing kneading someone’s body with the hands to
    relieve tension and pain; increasing superficial circulation to the
    area.
A

MASSAGE

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25
Q

Allows sweat glands, hair follicles and
sebaceous glands to be free of obstruction and function
better

A
  1. MECHANICA
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26
Q

Improves vital signs; Dilation of
minute superficial blood vessels leading to a flush (redness)
around the area

A

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

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27
Q

releases ENDORPHINS (happy
hormone

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

28
Q

Muscle relaxation

A

MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTE

29
Q

Positive effects on psychological
well-being

A

PHYSIOLOGICAL

30
Q

Tissue inflammation or malignancy, Circulatory disorders
(bleeding tendency), Skin disorders, Unhealed scars

A

CONTRAINDICATIONS of MASSAGE

31
Q

INDICATIONS for MASSAGE

A
  • Spasm-relief, Mild muscle aches, Tired body
32
Q
  • An uninterrupted gliding stroke; intended to
    warm the muscle and prepare it for a deeper muscular activity
A

EFFLEURAGE

33
Q
  • Hand
    constantly in contact w/ skin Even pressure across Hand
    Ideally move proximally Works through ascending pathways
    (relieves pain and gives relaxation)
A

OPEN - PALM (one hand or two-hand stroke)

34
Q

Reaches deeper muscle

A

CLOSED PALM / FIST (deeper stroke than open-palm) -

35
Q

squeeze kneading the tissue between your
thumb and fingers and passing it back and forth

A

PETRISSAGE

36
Q
  • means to TAP in order to stimulate nerves,
    muscles, and circulation
A

TAPOTEMENT

37
Q
  • “percussive stroke” ; Cup your hands and trap
    air underneath your hands. Ideal in upper thoracic area or
    upper back for respiratory problems
A

CUPPING

38
Q

Striking the tissue with the ulnar part of
the hand

A

ULNAR HACKING -

39
Q
  • draw all fingers together to make a
    specific points stimulate a tissue
A

POINT - HACKING

40
Q

Used on large muscles like glutes and
hamstrings It’s like pounding on the muscle

A

BEATING

41
Q

placing one hand and putting the other hand on
top of the other and doing rocking, shaking, or trembling
movements; This can be done slowly or rapidly

A

VIBRATION

42
Q
  • is the washing of the perineal, genital, and rectal areas; must be
    done during bed bath, or separately, at least once a day
A

PERINEAL – GENITAL CARE

43
Q

PURPOSES of perineal care

A

● PURPOSES:
1. To remove normal perineal secretions and odors
2. To prevent / eliminate infection, nd promote healing
3. To promote client comfort

44
Q

art of making a clean bed w/c will contribute to rest
7 for a sense of comfort

A

BED MAKING

45
Q

BONY PROMINENCES

A
  • susceptible to skin pressure; ear,
    shoulder, trochanter, ankle, kne
46
Q
  • techniques which maximize patient
    comfort and dignity.
A

Positioning and draping

47
Q

deliberate placement of the patient or body part/s to
promote physiological and psychological well-being.
● Importance of Effective Positioning
- Increases function, Decreases edema, Prevents pressure
sores

A

Positioning -

48
Q

placing a paper or cloth covering over a patient’s body
during medical examination or treatment designed to provide
privacy or create a sterile operative field.

A

Draping

49
Q

Importance of Effective Draping

A

Promotes privacy and modesty, Prevents inadvertent soiling

50
Q

The head and body is held in an upright
position

A

Erect Position

51
Q

to determine the presence of
prolapsed uterus

A

For vaginal examination

52
Q

Back lying position;
head and shoulders are not elevated.
➔ Indication: Examination of head to peripheral pulses

A

Supine or Dorsal Position (Horizontal) -

53
Q

Back lying position; head and
shoulders are slightly elevated on a small pillow.
➔ Indications: For vaginal examination, digital rectal
examination (DRE), pelvic examination, and catheterization

A

Dorsal Recumbent Position

54
Q
  • Back-lying position with feet supported
    in stirrups: The hips should be in line with the edge of the table.
    ➔ Indications: cystoscopic examination, vaginal delivery, and
    operations and examinations on the perineum, vagina, cervix,
    bladder, and rectum
A

Lithotomy Position -

55
Q
  • The patient assumes a posture halfway
    between lateral and prone position.

A. Unconscious patients – facilitate drainage from the mouth and
prevent aspiration of fluids.
B. Paralyzed patients – reduces pressure over the sacrum and
greater trochanter of the hips.
C. Patients receiving enemas
D. Patients undergoing treatment and/or examination of the
perineal area
E. Pregnant women – comfortable for sleeping

A

. Sims Position

56
Q

The patient lies on the abdomen with head
turned to one side; the hips are not flexed.
➔ Indications: Allows full extension of the hip and knee joints;
Useful for patients who are unconscious or those who are
recovering from surgery of the mouth and throat

A

Prone Position

57
Q

bed position wherein the head and trunk
are raised 15 to 90 degrees; Using footboard is recommended
➔ Indications:
A. DOB – because gravity pulls the diaphragm downward allowing
greater chest and lung expansion

A

Fowler’s Position

58
Q

– 15 degrees

A

LOW FOWLERS

59
Q

45 degrees

A

. SEMI FOWLER’S POSITION

60
Q

– 90 degrees

A

HIGH FOWLERS

61
Q

B. Patients with cardiac, respiratory and neurological problems
C. Patients with nasogastric tube (NGT) in place
D. Helps prevent foot drop

A

iii. HIGH FOWLERS –

62
Q
  • Involves lowering the
    head of the bed and raising the foot of the bed.
    ➔ Indication: For hypotension – promotes venous return
A

Trendelenburg Position (T-Position)

63
Q

Opposite of Trendelenburg Position; The head of the bed is
elevated with the foot of the bed down
➔ Indication: for patients with gastrointestinal problem to
minimize esophageal reflux.

A

Reverse Trendelenburg Position (Reverse T-Position) -

64
Q
  • A prone posture resting on the knees and upper part of the chest;
    For gynecologic or rectal examination; The head is turned to one
    side and the arms are flexed so that the upper part of the body can
    be supported in part by the elbows.
A

Genupectoral (Knee-chest) Position

65
Q

A. Displacement of a prolapsed fundus
B. Dislodgement of the imparted head of a fetus
C. Management of transverse presentation
D. Replacement of a retroverted uterus or displaced ovar

A

Genupectoral (Knee-chest) Position ndications

66
Q

The patient lies on one side of
the body with the top leg in front of the bottom leg and the top
hip and knee flexed.
➔ Indications: Reduces lordosis, Promotes good back alignment

A

Lateral Position (Side-lying)

67
Q

Place the patient in a sitting
position or on the side of the bed with an overbed table in front
to lean on and several pillows on the table to rest on
➔ Indication: DOB - allows maximum expansion of the chest.
● We change the patient’s position according to the medical
standard: “Change every two hours.”
● Standard positions include: Supine, prone, side-lying,
semi-fowlers, and sitting/erect.

A

Nursing Information System (Lecturer: Mr. Bechayda)

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING (32 decks)

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