Fluids

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE Generally younger people have a higher percentage of body fluid than
older adults

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

TRUE OR FALSE Women Women have proportionately more body fluids then MEN

Answer 2

FALSE

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE BODY FAT .  Since fat cells contain less water therefore obese individuals have
lesser fluids than skinny or thin individuals

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE The blood muscle and skin contain the highest amount of water; bones
have less water

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Body fluids exist in two major compartments: inside and outside the cell. The fluid inside the cells — about 55% of the total body fluid — is called

Answer 5

intracellular fluid (ICF).

Question 6

The rest is called

Answer 6

extracellular fluid (ECF).

Question 7

also code intra cellular fluid (ICF) compartment
 Contains almost two-thirds (2/3) of the total body fluids
 that are inside the cells
 Located primarily in the skeletal muscle mass

Answer 7

1. INTRACELLULAR SPACE

Question 8

 Also known as the extra cellular fluid ()ECF compartment
 Contains one-third (1/3) of the total body fluids that are outside the
cells
 Holds the fluids that is responsible for the transport of the
electrolytes, enzymes, and hormones among other substances

Answer 8

2. EXTRACELLULAR

Question 9

(between cells)
 Contains the fluids surrounding the cells
 contains approximately about 3/4 of the total ECF
ex: lymph fluids

Answer 9

a) INTERSTITIAL SPACE

Question 10

(inside blood vessels)
 Contains the fluid portion inside the blood vessels
called, PLASMA
 Totals approximately 1/3 of the ECF

Answer 10

b) INTRAVASCULAR SPACE

Question 11

E (pericardial. pleural,, synovial, Cerebro-Spinal Fluid)
 Smallest among the three compartments
 Contains approximately 1L

Answer 11

TRANSCELLULAR SPAC

Question 12

Fluid movement from one compartment to another is governed by the
principle of

Answer 12

of OSMOSIS,

Question 13

substances that when dissolved in water, produce a
negatively or positively charged ions, which have the ability
to conduct electricity in solution. The greater the extent to which
a substance dissociates, the stronger electrolyte it is!

Answer 13

ELECTROLYTES

Question 14

HIGH SOLUTE /
LOW WATER
CELL SHRINKAGE
(water is pulled out
from the cell)

Answer 14

HYPERTONIC

Question 15

LOW SOLUTE /
HIGH WATER

CELL SWELLING /
RUPTURE
(water will go inside
the cell)

Answer 15

HYPOTONIC

Question 16

SAME CONCENTRATION
AS THE PLASMA

NO CHANGE
(because both
compartments have
the same
concentration of
fluids)

Answer 16

ISOTONIC

Question 17

The Institute of medicine actually recommends that women drink

Answer 17

2.7 litersl of water per day 8-11 glasses

Question 18

WAYS TO GAIN WATER

Answer 18

√ drinking water: 1.5 - 2L
√ foods / fruits; 500 ml
√ metabolism: 300-500 ml

Question 19

WAYS TO LOSE WATER

Answer 19

Each day we lose about 2L of water
thru:
√ Urine: about 1.5L per day
√ breathing:
lungs are coated with
moisture which goes out
together with the air as we
breath out: 700ml
√ sweat: 100 ml
√ feces: 200ml

Question 20

CLIENT TEACHING

Answer 20

1. Consume 6–8 glasses of water daily (depending on your activity level)
2. Avoid foods with excess amounts of salt, sugar, and caffeine
3. Eat a well-balanced diet
4. Increase fluid intake before, during, and after strenuous exercise to replace
   lost electrolytes from excess perspiration with commercially prepared
   electrolyte solutions
5. Maintain normal body weight
6. Learn about, monitor, and manage side effects of medications that affect
   fluid and electrolytes
7. Recognize possible risk factors for fluid and electrolyte imbalances
8. Seek prompt professional health care for notable signs of fluid imbalances

Question 21

FACILITATING FLUID INTAKE

Answer 21

1. Establish a 24-hour plan for ingesting fluids
2. Set short term goals
3. Identify fluids the client likes and obtain if permitted
4. Help clients to select foods that tend to become liquid
5. Supply cups, glasses, and straws for clients confined to bed
6. Serve fluids at the proper temperature
7. Encourage participation in recording intake and output
8. Be alert to cultural implications

Question 22

RESTRICTING FLUID INTAKE

Answer 22

1. Help client establish a schedule for ingestion of fluids
2. Identify preferences and obtain if permitted
3. Set short-term goals
4. Place fluids in small containers
5. Offer ice chips and mouth care
6. Teach client to avoid ingesting chewy, salty, or sweet foods or fluids
7. Encourage participation in recording intake and output

Question 23

Approximately 60% of a typical adult’s weight consists of fluids

Answer 23

60%