Fluids Flashcards
TRUE OR FALSE Generally younger people have a higher percentage of body fluid than
older adults
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE Women Women have proportionately more body fluids then MEN
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE BODY FAT . Since fat cells contain less water therefore obese individuals have
lesser fluids than skinny or thin individuals
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE The blood muscle and skin contain the highest amount of water; bones
have less water
TRUE
Body fluids exist in two major compartments: inside and outside the cell. The fluid inside the cells — about 55% of the total body fluid — is called
intracellular fluid (ICF).
The rest is called
extracellular fluid (ECF).
also code intra cellular fluid (ICF) compartment
Contains almost two-thirds (2/3) of the total body fluids
that are inside the cells
Located primarily in the skeletal muscle mass
- INTRACELLULAR SPACE
Also known as the extra cellular fluid ()ECF compartment
Contains one-third (1/3) of the total body fluids that are outside the
cells
Holds the fluids that is responsible for the transport of the
electrolytes, enzymes, and hormones among other substances
- EXTRACELLULAR
(between cells)
Contains the fluids surrounding the cells
contains approximately about 3/4 of the total ECF
ex: lymph fluids
a) INTERSTITIAL SPACE
(inside blood vessels)
Contains the fluid portion inside the blood vessels
called, PLASMA
Totals approximately 1/3 of the ECF
b) INTRAVASCULAR SPACE
E (pericardial. pleural,, synovial, Cerebro-Spinal Fluid)
Smallest among the three compartments
Contains approximately 1L
TRANSCELLULAR SPAC
Fluid movement from one compartment to another is governed by the
principle of
of OSMOSIS,
substances that when dissolved in water, produce a
negatively or positively charged ions, which have the ability
to conduct electricity in solution. The greater the extent to which
a substance dissociates, the stronger electrolyte it is!
ELECTROLYTES
HIGH SOLUTE /
LOW WATER
CELL SHRINKAGE
(water is pulled out
from the cell)
HYPERTONIC
LOW SOLUTE /
HIGH WATER
CELL SWELLING /
RUPTURE
(water will go inside
the cell)
HYPOTONIC
SAME CONCENTRATION
AS THE PLASMA
NO CHANGE
(because both
compartments have
the same
concentration of
fluids)
ISOTONIC
The Institute of medicine actually recommends that women drink
2.7 litersl of water per day 8-11 glasses
WAYS TO GAIN WATER
√ drinking water: 1.5 - 2L
√ foods / fruits; 500 ml
√ metabolism: 300-500 ml
WAYS TO LOSE WATER
Each day we lose about 2L of water
thru:
√ Urine: about 1.5L per day
√ breathing:
lungs are coated with
moisture which goes out
together with the air as we
breath out: 700ml
√ sweat: 100 ml
√ feces: 200ml
CLIENT TEACHING
- Consume 6–8 glasses of water daily (depending on your activity level)
- Avoid foods with excess amounts of salt, sugar, and caffeine
- Eat a well-balanced diet
- Increase fluid intake before, during, and after strenuous exercise to replace
lost electrolytes from excess perspiration with commercially prepared
electrolyte solutions - Maintain normal body weight
- Learn about, monitor, and manage side effects of medications that affect
fluid and electrolytes - Recognize possible risk factors for fluid and electrolyte imbalances
- Seek prompt professional health care for notable signs of fluid imbalances
FACILITATING FLUID INTAKE
- Establish a 24-hour plan for ingesting fluids
- Set short term goals
- Identify fluids the client likes and obtain if permitted
- Help clients to select foods that tend to become liquid
- Supply cups, glasses, and straws for clients confined to bed
- Serve fluids at the proper temperature
- Encourage participation in recording intake and output
- Be alert to cultural implications
RESTRICTING FLUID INTAKE
- Help client establish a schedule for ingestion of fluids
- Identify preferences and obtain if permitted
- Set short-term goals
- Place fluids in small containers
- Offer ice chips and mouth care
- Teach client to avoid ingesting chewy, salty, or sweet foods or fluids
- Encourage participation in recording intake and output
Approximately 60% of a typical adult’s weight consists of fluids
60%
