Flight Physiology Flashcards
Lungs volume
- 1l insipirator reserve
- 5 letres per breath avg
- 2 l expiratory reserve
- 2l is residual volume
Inspiratory capacity 3.6l
Functional residual 2.4l
Vital capacity 4.8 l
Total lung capacity 6 l
Respiratory regulaiton
High co2»_space;high acidity»_space;Low ph»_space; need for more oxygen
Central chemoreceptors»increase rate of respiration
Normal breathing rate:12/20bpm Avg 16bpm
Homeostasis» equilibrium c02 and 02
Avg breathing
Normal breathing rate= 12 to 20 bpm avg 16bpm
(Any artery is high pressure ,any thing is pushed from heart)
Arteries get push from the heart ( high pressure) WITH OXG
Only artery that pushes to the lungs from the heart without oxg
Anythig that come to heart is low pressure(veins)
Circulatory system
Carries nutrients and oxg throughout the body
Collects waste
Pulse rate determines factors
~pysical exercise ~age ~blood pressure ~pain ~body temp ~emotinal arousal ~digestion
Stroke volume
The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle into the aorta in one contraction
Approximetly 70ml per stroke
4.9 L per 1min
Cardiac output
Stroke:70ml (one pump of the heart)
Heart rate x stroke volume
Cardiac output= 70x 70
Cardiac out put=4900ml=4.9 l/1min
Systolic/ diastolic is influenced. By
Size,age,gender,body weight,emotional state,physical activity and physical condition
Plasma,red cells,white cells
Plasma Carries blood cells ,digested food products
Red blood cells : contain hemoglobin,carry oxg to the cells and tissues
White : have a large nuclei to engulf and destroy invading bacteria.main function is the defense against disease
Platelets: are the smallest of the blood cells and assist in the blood clotting process
Haemoglobin oxg saturation decreases with altitute
SL=97.5%
10000ft=87%
20000ft=rapidly falls 65%
Anaemia
Is the condition of having less than the normal of red blood cells or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood .the oxg carrying capacity of the blood is,therefore decreased
Excessive blood loss
Excessive red blood cell destruction(hemolysis)
Deficient red blood cell production
160/95 loss of medical persistent condition of high blood pressure
Hypertension causes
Obesity Smoking Dietery factors Stress Age Lack of excercise
Hypertension symptoms
Headaches Angina Shortness of breath Nose bleeds Heart palpitations
Potential consequences
Stroke
Kidney failure
Coronary heart disease
Hypotension(low pressure)
Lower 90/60
Leads to shortage of oxg to the tissues causing:
Lethargy/tiredness Reduced resitence to the effect of shock Congestion of the respiratory sys Stagnation in the blood supply Reduced capability to withstand positive g force
Causes
Age
Genetics (if is this the case loss of medical
Haemorrhage
Temperature
Coronary artery decease
Several clogged coronary arteries may impede the heart’s normal blood supply causing it to starve of oxg and nutrients and at the same time,impeding it from getting rid of waste substances excreted by its cells
Coronay aretry factors
FAMILY HISTORY
Smoking Hypertension High blood cholesterol Lack of excerise Diabetes
Angina causes
Age Smoking Physcal condition Emotional condition Stress
Intense chest pain and tiredness and difficulty in breathing due to angina
Heart attack
Total blockage of a coronary artery
Consequent death of that part of the heart muscle
Angina
Narrowing of the coronary arteries generates a deficient cardiac out put due to the insufficient to supply enough oxg and nutrients to the muscle
Most easy to get Coronary artery with
Blood pressure Cholestorol Salt Fats Sugars Carbonated srinks Alcohol Smoking
