Flight Physiology

Question 1

Lungs volume

Answer 1

3. 1l insipirator reserve
4. 5 letres per breath avg
5. 2 l expiratory reserve
6. 2l is residual volume

Inspiratory capacity 3.6l
Functional residual 2.4l

Vital capacity 4.8 l

Total lung capacity 6 l

Question 2

Respiratory regulaiton

Answer 2

High co2&raquo_space;high acidity&raquo_space;Low ph&raquo_space; need for more oxygen

Central chemoreceptors»increase rate of respiration
Normal breathing rate:12/20bpm Avg 16bpm

Answer 3

Homeostasis» equilibrium c02 and 02

Question 4

Avg breathing

Answer 4

Normal breathing rate= 12 to 20 bpm avg 16bpm

Answer 5

(Any artery is high pressure ,any thing is pushed from heart)
Arteries get push from the heart ( high pressure) WITH OXG
Only artery that pushes to the lungs from the heart without oxg

Anythig that come to heart is low pressure(veins)

Question 6

Circulatory system

Answer 6

Carries nutrients and oxg throughout the body

Collects waste

Question 7

Pulse rate determines factors

Answer 7

~pysical exercise
~age
~blood pressure
~pain
~body temp
~emotinal arousal
~digestion

Question 8

Stroke volume

Answer 8

The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle into the aorta in one contraction

Approximetly 70ml per stroke

4.9 L per 1min

Question 9

Cardiac output

Answer 9

Stroke:70ml (one pump of the heart)

Heart rate x stroke volume

Cardiac output= 70x 70

Cardiac out put=4900ml=4.9 l/1min

Question 10

Systolic/ diastolic is influenced. By

Answer 10

Size,age,gender,body weight,emotional state,physical activity and physical condition

Question 11

Plasma,red cells,white cells

Answer 11

Plasma Carries blood cells ,digested food products

Red blood cells : contain hemoglobin,carry oxg to the cells and tissues

White : have a large nuclei to engulf and destroy invading bacteria.main function is the defense against disease

Platelets: are the smallest of the blood cells and assist in the blood clotting process

Answer 12

Haemoglobin oxg saturation decreases with altitute

SL=97.5%
10000ft=87%
20000ft=rapidly falls 65%

Question 13

Anaemia

Answer 13

Is the condition of having less than the normal of red blood cells or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood .the oxg carrying capacity of the blood is,therefore decreased

Excessive blood loss
Excessive red blood cell destruction(hemolysis)
Deficient red blood cell production

Answer 14

160/95 loss of medical persistent condition of high blood pressure

Question 15

Hypertension causes

Answer 15

Obesity
Smoking
Dietery factors
Stress
Age
Lack of excercise

Question 16

Hypertension symptoms

Answer 16

Headaches
Angina
Shortness of breath
Nose bleeds
Heart palpitations

Question 17

Potential consequences

Answer 17

Stroke
Kidney failure
Coronary heart disease

Question 18

Hypotension(low pressure)

Answer 18

Lower 90/60
Leads to shortage of oxg to the tissues causing:

Lethargy/tiredness
Reduced resitence to the effect of shock
Congestion of the respiratory sys
Stagnation in the blood supply
Reduced capability to withstand positive g force

Question 19

Causes

Answer 19

Age
Genetics (if is this the case loss of medical
Haemorrhage
Temperature

Question 20

Coronary artery decease

Answer 20

Several clogged coronary arteries may impede the heart’s normal blood supply causing it to starve of oxg and nutrients and at the same time,impeding it from getting rid of waste substances excreted by its cells

Question 21

Coronay aretry factors

Answer 21

FAMILY HISTORY

Smoking
Hypertension
High blood cholesterol
Lack of excerise
Diabetes

Question 22

Angina causes

Answer 22

Age 
Smoking
Physcal condition
Emotional condition
Stress

Intense chest pain and tiredness and difficulty in breathing due to angina

Question 23

Heart attack

Answer 23

Total blockage of a coronary artery

Consequent death of that part of the heart muscle

Question 24

Angina

Answer 24

Narrowing of the coronary arteries generates a deficient cardiac out put due to the insufficient to supply enough oxg and nutrients to the muscle

Question 25

Most easy to get Coronary artery with

Answer 25

Blood pressure
Cholestorol
Salt
Fats
Sugars
Carbonated srinks
Alcohol
Smoking