Eyes

Question 1

Rods and cones

Answer 1

Cones>.colours»and are spaced near the FOVEA

Rods»night vision»and are spaced away from the FOVEA

Answer 2

Blind spot is where the optical nerve is connected
Pupil >>makes the light in
6 muscles pull the eyes up and down
Iris
Pupil
Lens
Cornea

Question 3

Presbyopia

Answer 3

Presbyphia»age related long sightedness

Answer 4

Saccase&raquo_space;quick simultnanoues mvemnt of both eyes between two

Question 5

Accomodation

Answer 5

Squishing the eye with the ciliary muscle to change the shape of the eye ball

Answer 6

The vision should be able to see at 20feet that whihc the so called nirmal person is capable of seeing at this range

Answer 7

Visual acuity depends from the angular distance from the FOVEA

Answer 8

140 degrees is the visual vision using both eyes in front,

It can be 180 to the sides just on

Answer 9

Dark to light»10sec

Light to dark» cones 7min, rods 30min

Answer 10

Red light helps to optimise the night vision

Question 11

Night vision

Answer 11

Looking away 10/15degres helps night vision

Affected by
~age
~mild hypoxia
~cabin altitudes above 5000
~smoking 
~alcohol
~deficiency of vitamin A

Question 12

Colour vision deficency

Answer 12

Colour visoin deficinecy

Genetic fault
Missing cones
More common in male gender 7% than female 0.1%

Question 13

Binocolour vision

Answer 13

Depth perception. ,effective up to 200ft/60m

Question 14

Non stereoscopic vision to figuer out the depth

Answer 14

~colour
~contrast
~size
~rate of movement

Question 15

Sunglasses should be

Answer 15

Impact ressiteant
Thin meatl frames
Coated with polycarbonate for strentgh
Good optical
Don’t use polarised lenses

For high energy blue light and uv rays ,sunglasses can prevent damage to the retina

Question 16

Visual defects

Answer 16

Myopia»short sightedness
Hyperopic»long sightedness

Myopic is corrected with divergence lens
Hyperopic is corrected with convergence

Question 17

Astigmatism

Answer 17

Multiple focal points

Question 18

Presbyopia

Answer 18

Long sightedness caused by age

Question 19

Cataracts

Answer 19

Clouding of the lens due to age or UV radiation

Question 20

Glaucoma

Answer 20

Pressure rise of the liquid within the eye
Insidious onset and conealed progression
Only detected by eye pressure etest

Question 21

Flash blindness

Answer 21

Turn cockpit lighting to max
Looking inside the cockpit
Wearing sunglasses
Using blinds

Answer 22

Natural focus of the eye
1-1.5 m
Empty field myopia

Question 23

Saccade

Answer 23

Quick simultaneous movement of both eyes between two or more phases of fixation in the same direction

Question 24

Contact lenses

Answer 24

Can cause damage to the cornea

Bi focal contact lenses are not allowed