Fitz9. Ch9. Cutaneous Vasculature Flashcards
Properties and functions of normal skin vasculature
Hemostasis Permselectivity Perfusion Thermoregulation Immune surveillance
Principal cell responsible for maintaining blood fluidity
Vascular endothelial cells
Inhibitors of coagulation (3)
‘TiTA’
- Tissue factor pathway inhibitor
- Thrombomodulin
- Anticoagulant heparan sulfate
Endothelial cells limit platelet activation by (4)
- Producing nitric oxide and prostaglandin
- Expressing ectoenzymes that degrade platelet activating ATP
- Minimizing the activation of thrombin
- Masking the basement membrane and interstitial collagens
Ability of endothelial lining of microvasculature to permit passage of water solutes
Permselectivity
Tight junctions contain (3)
Claudins
Junctional adhesion molecules
Occludin
What is the difference between the PRECAPILLARY ARTERIOLE versus the postcapillary venule.
Cells present are,
Pressure is,
Junction is.
PRECAPILLARY arteriole
There are smooth muscle cells
Hydrostatic pressure
Tight Junctions so no entry of macromolecules
Difference between VASODILATORS versus vasocontrictors?
VASODILATORS are (2) Which activates
Vasodilators are nitric oxide and prostacyclin
Which Activates cGMP and cAMP
This drug, which antagonizes endothelin A and B receptors, and has clinical effects for scleroderma, DOES NOT influence vasospasm in raynaud disease
Bosentan
Erythromelalgia has burning pain and vasodilation with erythema on extremities. Mutation is
SCN9A
A potential candidate providing additional specificity for immune surveillance is the chemokine which is produced by cutaneous venules, induced in inflamed skin, and absent in intestinal vessels
TARC or cutaneous T cell attracting chemokine or CCL17
Principal mediator for acute inflammation
Prostacyclin
The endothelial cells in ACUTE versus chronic dermatitis express
Acute: high levels of E and P selectin
[chronic: high VCAM1]
What cell is the major source of VEGF during the early healing stage?
Macrophages
