Fitz9. Ch8. Nail

Question 1

Stem cells reside in specialized micro environments which help maintain quiescence or regulate proliferation and differentiation important for tissue homeostasis and repair

Answer 1

Niches

Question 2

Which type of stem cells are
Localized in nail proximal FOLD stem cells with
Label retaining characteristic
That express keratin 15, keratin 19, and pleckstrin

Answer 2

SLOW cycling BIFUNCTIONING nail proximal FOLD stem cells

Question 3

Which stem cells have nail stem cells in the proximal MATRIX
Which express keratin 17, LGR6 or leucine, KI67

Answer 3

RAPID cycling UNIPOTENT nail MATRIX stem cells

Question 4

Active bone morphogenic protein signaling is found in (2)

Answer 4

Nail proximal fold and nail matrix

Question 5

BMP or bone morphogenic signaling depletion in nails demonstrates absence in

Answer 5

1. LRC or label retaining cells
2. KZ or keratogenous zones
3. AE13 In nail plate
   notice hyperplasia in nail bed

Question 6

Nail stem cells in the proximal matrix give rise to distal matrix cells with

Answer 6

Wnt activation (Wntless)

Question 7

promotes proliferation of Runx2 + mesenchymal cells leading to regeneration of nail epithelium

Answer 7

Fibroblast growth factor 2 or FGF2