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NASM CPT Flash Cards > Fitness Assessment > Flashcards

Fitness Assessment Flashcards

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NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q)

A
  • Determines safety or risk of exercising.
  • Identifies individuals who need medical evaluation.
  • If a client answers YES to one or more questions, refer to a physician.
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2
Q

Pattern overload

A

consistently repeating the same motion; places abnormal stresses on the body.

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3
Q

extended periods of sitting leads to

A

can lead to: tight hip flexors, rounding of shoulders, and forward head.

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4
Q

wearing dress shoes leads to

A

constantly plantarflexed position leads to tight gastrocnemius, soleus, and Achilles tendon, causing decreased dorsiflexion and over-pronation (flat feet).

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5
Q

mental stress can lead to

A

Elevated heart rate, blood pressure, and ventilation at rest and when exercising.

Abnormal breathing patterns that cause imbalances in the neck, shoulders, chest, and low back.

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6
Q

Past injuries/surgeries:

A

Strong predictor of future risk of injury.

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7
Q

Ankle sprains decrease

A

neural control to the gluteus medius and maximus.

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8
Q

Knee injuries decrease

A

neural control to muscles that stabilize the kneecap.

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9
Q

Non-contact knee injuries are often the result of

A

hip or ankle dysfunction

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10
Q

Low-back pain can cause decreased

A

neural control of core stabilization muscles.

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11
Q

Shoulder injuries can lead to

A

altered neural control of the rotator cuff.

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12
Q

Common medications relation to exercise

A

can effect exercise performance (beta-blockers lower heart rate and blood pressure)

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13
Q

What to know about new clients

A 
Chronic conditions
medications
past injuries/ surgeries
work conditions
stress level
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14
Q

Submaximal tests

A

assessments to estimate VO2max and determine cardiorespiratory exercise starting point.

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15
Q

Calculating maximal heart rate

A

Straight percentage method (easy, less accurate) or Regression formula (more accurate)

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16
Q

Straight percentage method

A

HR max = 220 - age

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17
Q

Regression formula

A

HR max = 208 - ( 0.07 x age)

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18
Q

YMCA 3-minute step test

A

-Perform 96 steps per minute, on 12-inch step, for 3 minutes.
-Within 5 seconds of stopping, take recovery pulse for 60 seconds.
-Match recovery pulse to chart
-Assign to proper HR zone:
1- Very poor / poor / below average
2- Average / above average / good
3- Excellent

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19
Q

Rockport walk test

A 
• Record weight. 
• Walk 1 mile on a treadmill. 
• Record the time. 
• Immediately record heart rate.  
• Calculate the VO2 score 
• Match the VO2 score with age and sex to the chart 
• Assign to proper HR zone: 
1- Poor and fair
2- Average and good
3- Very good
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20
Q

Radial pulse

A

measured with two fingers placed lightly along right side of arm, in line and just above thumb.

21
Q

Carotid pulse

A

measured on the neck; not a preferred method to use on clients.

22
Q

Resting heart rate (RHR), average for male and female; typical range

A

heart rate when the body is not physically active.

male 70; female 75; 70 to 80

23
Q

Systolic; what do trainers need before using with client?

A

pressure within the arteries after the heart contracts. Healthy systolic = less than 120 mm Hg.

professional course before using

24
Q

Diastolic; what do trainers need before using with client?

A

pressure within the arteries when the heart is resting and filling with blood. Healthy diastolic = less than 80 mm Hg.

professional course before using

25
Q

Kinetic chain checkpoints

A

foot and ankle, knee, LPHC, shoulders, and head and cervical spine.

26
Q

Cholesterol; two types; healthy level

A

blood lipid associated with cardiovascular disease and obesity.
• HDL—high-density lipoprotein, aka “good cholesterol.”
• LDL—low-density lipoprotein, aka “bad cholesterol.” •
Healthy total cholesterol level = less than 200 mg/dL.

27
Q

Skin-fold measurement procedure

A

-use caliper to measure subcutaneous fat.

  • 4 sites: biceps (vertical fold), triceps (vertical fold), subscapular (45° fold), iliac crest (45° fold). All on the right side of the body.
  • Durnin-Wormsely formula—add total of measurements and compare to the solutions table in the textbook to determine body fat percentage.
28
Q

How to determine fat mass

A

body fat % × scale weight.

29
Q

How to determine lean body mass

A

scale weight – fat mass.

30
Q

Bioelectrical impedance

A

conducts electrical current through the body to estimate fat content.

31
Q

Underwater weighing

A

used in exercise physiology labs; lean mass sinks, fat mass floats; dry weight compared to underwater weight.

32
Q

what do circumference measurements determine; and where to measure

A

assess girth changes in the body; not accurate estimate of fatness.
• Measure at the neck, chest, waist, hips, calves, and biceps.

33
Q

Waist-to-hip ratio; what number represents increased risk for disease

A

divide the waist circumference measurement by the hip measurement.
• Ratios greater than 0.80 for women and 0.95 for men

34
Q

what does the body mass index (BMI) show; at what level does the risk for chronic disease increase

A

a person’s weight compared to his/her height (not designed to assess body fat); BMI of 25 or greater.

35
Q

What is learned from the Davies test

A

assesses upper extremity stability and agility.

36
Q

What is learned from the Shark skill test

A

assesses lower extremity agility and neuromuscular control.

37
Q

What is learned from the Bench press test

A

estimates 1-rep maximum on overall upper body strength of pressing musculature.

38
Q

What is learned from the Squat test

A

estimates 1-rep squat maximum and overall lower body strength.

39
Q

What is learned from the Push-up test

A

measures muscular endurance of the upper body; primarily pushing muscles.

40
Q

LEFT test assesses

A

assesses agility, acceleration, deceleration, and neuromuscular control.

41
Q

Overhead squat assessment (OHSA)

A

assesses dynamic flexibility, core strength, balance, and overall neuromuscular control.

42
Q

Single-leg squat assessment

A

assess dynamic flexibility, core strength, balance, and overall neuromuscular control

43
Q

Pushing assessment

A

assesses movement efficiency and potential muscle imbalances during pushing movements

44
Q

Pulling assessment

A

assesses movement efficiency and potential muscle imbalances during pulling movements.

45
Q

Gait assessment

A

assesses movement efficiency and potential muscle imbalances during walking and running. GAIT

46
Q

What to remember for training pregnant woman

A
  • avoid power and speed assessments
  • perform push-up assessment on the knees
  • modify single-leg squat to simply single-leg balance
  • reduce range of motion for overhead squat.
47
Q

What to remember for training obesity

A
  • Rockport walk test is preferred cardio assessment
  • consider single-leg balance modification of single-leg squat assessment
  • may need to perform push-up test on knees or with a bench.
48
Q

Fitness professionals do NOT (4)

A
  • Diagnose medical conditions.
  • Prescribe or provide treatment or rehabilitation of any injury or disease.
  • Prescribe diets.
  • Provide counseling (mental health).
49
Q

under what circumstances should a reassessment occur?

A
  • Every 4 weeks or when major changes in programming are occurring.
  • When a client has shown significant signs of improvement.
  • If the client is identifying new goals.
  • If the client has major lifestyle changes (diets, smoking cessation, job change, etc.).

NASM CPT Flash Cards (19 decks)

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