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NASM CPT Flash Cards > Cardiorespiratory System > Flashcards

Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards

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NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Cardiorespiratory system

A

cardiovascular and respiratory systems

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2
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

heart, blood, and blood vessels.

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3
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

shorter, more tightly connected than skeletal muscle; involuntary

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4
Q

Atria

A

smaller, superior chambers of the heart; receive blood from veins

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5
Q

what does the right atrium do?

A

Gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the

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6
Q

what does the left atrium do?

A

gathers oxygenated blood from the lungs

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7
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) node

A

located in right atrium; initiates impulse for heart rate; “pacemaker for the heart”.

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8
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) node

A

specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them to the walls of the ventricles.

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9
Q

Ventricles

A

larger, inferior chambers of the heart; pump blood out.

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10
Q

what does the right ventricle do?

A

pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs.

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11
Q

what does the left ventricle do?

A

pumps oxygenated blood to the body.

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12
Q

what do arteries do?

A

carry blood away from the heart.

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13
Q

what do veins do?

A

transport blood back to the heart.

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13
Q

Capillaries

A

smallest blood vessels; site of gas, chemical, and water exchange

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15
Q

Arterioles

A

small branches of arteries; end in capillaries.

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16
Q

venules

A

very small veins; connect capillaries to larger veins.

17
Q

what is stroke volume

A

amount of blood pumped with each contraction.

18
Q

what is the average heart rate for an untrained adult?

A

70-80 bpm.

19
Q

Cardiac output

A

volume of blood pumped per minute; heart rate × stroke volume.

20
Q

Respiratory system

A

lungs and respiratory passageways; brings in oxygen, removes CO

21
Q

Inspiration

A

contracting inspiratory muscles to move air into lungs.

22
Q

what are the 2 types of inspiratory muscles?

A

Primary—diaphragm, external intercostals.

Secondary—scalenes, pectoralis minor, sternocleidomastoid.

23
Q

Expiration

A

relaxing inspiratory muscles (passive), contracting expiratory muscles (active) to move air out.

24
Q

what are the expiratory muscles

A

internal intercostals, abdominals.

25
Q

Resting oxygen consumption (VO2)

A
  1. 5 mL × kg-1 × min-1 = 1 metabolic equivalent (MET)

3. 5 mL of oxygen per kilo- gram of body weight per minute

26
Q

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)

A

highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion.

27
Q

what are abnormal breathing patterns associated with?

A

stress and anxiety; may result in headaches, dizziness, fatigue (stiff muscles), poor circulation, and/or poor sleep patterns.

28
Q

Cardiorespiratory exercise increases

A

cardiac output, breathing efficiency, oxygen transport and use, use of fats for fuel, mental alertness, ability to relax and sleep, tolerance to stress, lean body mass, metabolic rate.

29
Q

Cardiorespiratory exercise decreases

A

resting heart rate, cholesterol, blood pressure, and the risks of heart disease, blood clots, depression, anxiety, obesity, and diabetes.

30
Q

Mediastinum

A

The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest except the lungs

31
Q

Respiratory pump

A

bones and muscles that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heart during inspiration.

32
Q

Diffusion

A

The process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body.

33
Q

Shallow breathing can result from the use of secondary respiratory muscles rather than the diaphragm.

A

Teach clients to breathe through the stomach to maintain normal respiration.

NASM CPT Flash Cards (19 decks)

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