Exercise modalities

Question 1

Closed-chain exercises give examples

Answer 1

involve movements in which the distal extremities (hands or feet) are in a constant fixed position and thus the force applied by an individual is not great enough to overcome the resistance (such as the ground or immovable object).
-push-ups, pull-ups, and squats.

Question 2

Open-chain exercises give examples

Answer 2

involve movements in which the distal extremities (hands or feet) are not in a fixed position and the force applied by the body is great enough to overcome the resistance (such as barbells or dumbbells).
-bench press, lat pulldown, and the machine leg extension exercise.

Question 3

Bodyweight training

Answer 3

no additional load; most accessible; all planes of motion.

Question 4

Suspension training

Answer 4

ropes or webbing used to manipulate body position and stability.

Question 5

Free weights and implements

Answer 5

barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells, medicine balls, and sandbags; all planes of motion; full range of motion; requires exerciser to have a solid base of stabilization.

Question 6

Strength-training machines

Answer 6

great for beginners needing stability; fixed plane of motion; limited range of motion

Question 7

Proprioceptive modalities

Answer 7

stability balls, wobble boards (BOSU), balance discs (Dyna Disc), foam pads (Airex), balance beams, half foam rolls; used to increase instability of an exercise