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Personal Decks > First Aid and CPR > Flashcards

First Aid and CPR Flashcards

1
Q

The level of ____________ indicates how well the brain is functioning

A

RESPONSIVENESS

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2
Q

_______________ occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or cut off

A

HEART ATTACK

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3
Q

This happens when one or more of the arteries delivering blood to the heart becomes blocked

A

HEART ATTACK

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4
Q

What happens when either the heart stops beating or the heart’s lower chambers suddenly develop a rapid irregular rhythm causing the ventricles to quiver rather than contract?

A

CARDIAC ARREST

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5
Q 
Chest discomfort
Discomfort in other areas of the body
Shortness of breath
Breaking out in a cold sweat 
Nausea 
Light-headedness
*******These are all signs of what?
A

HEART ATTACK

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6
Q

Chest pain called ______________ can result from coronary heart disease?

A

AGNIA PECTORIS

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7
Q

____________ occurs when coronary arteries become narrow and cannot carry sufficient blood to meet certain demands

A

AGNIA

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8
Q

_____________ can be described as crushing or squeezing

A

AGNIA

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9
Q

______________ lasts from ___________ to __________ minutes

A

AGNIA
3
10

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10
Q

What two drugs that affect the blood supply can be used to treat angia?

A

coronary vasodilators

nitroglycerin

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11
Q

___________ occurs when there is a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain

A

A STROKE

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12
Q

_____________ occurs when arteries in the brain rupture or become blocked

A

A STROKE

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13
Q

____________ effects are permanent

A

STROKE

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14
Q

What kind of strokes occur when blood vessels become narrowed or clogged with plaque?

A

ISCHEMIC STROKES

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15
Q

What kind of strokes occur when a blood vessel ruptures in or near the brain?

A

HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

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16
Q 
Weakness, numbness, or paralysis of one side 
Blurred vision
Problems speaking
Dizziness or loss of balance
Sudden, severe, and unexplained headache
Deviation of the eyes from PEARL 
****These are all signs of what?
A

A STROKE

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17
Q

________________ is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways

A

ASTHMA

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18
Q

____________ causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and coughing

A

ASTHMA

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19
Q 
Excessive coughing 
Wheezing 
Chest tightness
Shortness of breath
Sitting in the tripod position 
Inability to speak in complete sentences 
Nostrils flaring 
***These are all signs of what?
A

ASTHMA ATTACK

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20
Q

______________ is fast, deep breathing common during emotional stress

A

HYPERVENTILATION

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21
Q 
Untreated diabetes
Severe shock
Certain poisons
Brain swelling
High altitude
***These can cause what?
A

HYPERVENTILATION

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22
Q 
Shortness of breath
Fast breathing
Tingling or numbness of the hands
Dizziness or light-headedness 
***These are signs of what?
A

HYPERVENTILATION

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23
Q

When encouraging a person to breath slowly, administering care for hyperventilation, what do you instruct them to do?

A

INHALE THROUGH THE NOSE
HOLD THE FULL INHALATION FOR 1-2 SECS
EXHALE SLOWLY THROUGH PURSED LIPS

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24
Q

What does COPD stand for?

A

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

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25
Q

COPD is a broad term applied to what three things?

A

EMPHYSEMA
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
RELATED LUNG DISEASES

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26
Q

What is the most common factor to COPD?

A

CIGARETTE SMOKING

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27
Q

Who is most commonly diagnosed for COPD?

A

PERSONS OLDER THAN 60 YEARS

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28
Q 
Wheezing
Coughing
Shortness of breath
Artificially supplied oxygen
***These are all signs of what?
A

COPD

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29
Q

_____________ is the sudden brief loss of responsiveness not associated with a head injury

A

FAINTING

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30
Q

___________ is also called syncope or psychogenic shock

A

FAINTING

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31
Q

Most ___________ are associated with decreased blood flow causing deficient oxygen or glucose in the brain

A

FAINTING EPISODES

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32
Q 
A slow heart rate
Heart rhythm disturbances 
Dehydration
Heat exhaustion
Anemia
Bleeding
***these can all cause what?
A

FAINTING

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33
Q

___________ is a symptom of epilepsy

A

SEIZURES

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34
Q

___________ is the underlying tendency of the brain to produce sudden bursts of electrical energy that disrupts other brain functions

A

EPILEPSY

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35
Q 
Lack of oxygen
Heatstroke
Poisoning 
Electric shock
Hypoglycemia 
High fever in children 
Brain injury, tumor, or stroke 
Alcohol withdrawal, drug abuse or overdose
***These are several medical conditions that can lead to what?
A

SEIZURES

36
Q

___________ seizures last for one to two minutes

A

CONVULSIVE SEIZURES

37
Q

Non-convulsive seizures last how long?

A

ONLY A FEW SECONDS

38
Q

Prolonged seizures are called what?

A

STATUS EPILEPTICUS

39
Q

When do you need to call 911 for a seizure?

A

AFTER FIVE MINUTES

40
Q

___________ is a hormone produced by the pancreas that assists the body in using energy from food

A

INSULIN

41
Q

__________ develops when insulin is either ineffective or lacking

A

DIABETES

42
Q

___________ is commonly diagnosed in childhood, and requires external insulin

A

TYPE I DIABETES

43
Q

_________ is brought upon by excess body weight and sedentary lifestyle

A

TYPE II DIABETES

44
Q

__________ occurs in some pregnancies, but is usually treated with diet

A

GESTATIONAL DIABETES

45
Q

Too much insulin
To little ort delayed food intake
***These can cause what?

A

LOW BLOOD SUGAR

46
Q

What is the medical term for low blood sugar?

A

HYPOGLYCEMIA

47
Q

What is the rule associated with the care for hypoglycemia?

A

THE RULE OF 15S

48
Q

What does the rule of 15s entail?

A

If the condition does not improve in 15 minutes give 15 more grams of sugar

49
Q

___________ is an injected medication that quickly raises blood glucose

A

GLUCAGON

50
Q

What is the medical term for high blood sugar?

A

HYPERGLYCEMIA

51
Q

___________ is the passage of loose, watery, or unformed stools

A

DIARRHEA

52
Q

____________ is the passage of hard dry stools

A

CONSTIPATION

53
Q

______________ is also known as a toxin and is defined as anything that can cause bodily harm to someone if it is used in the wrong way, used by the wrong person, or used in the wrong amount

A

A POISON

54
Q

What are the four types of poisons?

A

INGESTED
INHALED
INJECTED
ABSORBED

55
Q

What are the four forms of poisons?

A

SOLIDS
LIQUIDS
SPRAYS
GASES

56
Q

______ occurs when the victim swallows a toxic substance

A

INGESTED POISONING

57
Q

____________ account for 80 percent of all poisonings

A

INGESTED POISONINGS

58
Q

What are the four classifications of drugs?

A

UPPERS
DOWNERS
HALLUCINOGENS
VOLATILE CHEMICALS

59
Q

_____________ are stimulants

A

SYMPATHOMIMETICS

60
Q

A ___________ is any agent that produces an excited state

A

STIMULANT

61
Q

____________ produce changes in mood and sensory awareness

A

HALLUCINOGENS

62
Q

___________ might make users dangerous to themselves and others

A

HALLUCINOGENS

63
Q

___________ are easy to obtain

A

DEPRESSANTS

64
Q

People sometimes solicit ___________ from several physicians

A

PRESCRIPTIONS

65
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is : 
odorless
colorless
nonirritating
produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon based fuels
A

CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

66
Q

_____________ has stinging hairs on its stem and leaves

A

STINGING NETTLE

67
Q

_____________ have fine needlepoint leaves that penetrate the skin and injects an irritating chemical

A

STINGING NETTLE

68
Q

It is estimated that __________________ will be bitten at some time by an animal or person

A

ONE OF EVERY TWO AMERICANS

69
Q

____________ equal about 80 percent of bites

A

DOG BITES

70
Q

Immediate tissue damage and later infection are two concerns of _________________

A

ANIMAL BITES

71
Q

__________________ and _________________ people are especially prone to animal bites

A

CHILDREN

ELDERLY

72
Q

Damage mostly occurs on the _____________, _________, ___________, and ___________

A

HANDS
ARMS
LEGS
FACE

73
Q

_______________ occur most often in rural or wilderness locations

A

WILD ANIMAL ATTACKS

74
Q

_____________ is one of the most ancient and feared of diseases

A

RABIES

75
Q

____________ is caused by a virus found in warm blooded animals

A

RABIES

76
Q

____________ spreads from one animal to another in the saliva

A

RABIES

77
Q

_____________ bites can cause severe injury

A

HUMAN BITES

78
Q

____________ bites are indicated by a part of the body flesh is caught between teeth

A

TRUE BITES (human)

79
Q

About ___________________ people throughout the world die of snake bites each year

A

50,000

80
Q

In the US __________ to ______________ people are bitten by snakes, and ___________ to ___________ of them are by venomous snakes

A

40,000 TO 50,000

7,000 TO 8,000

81
Q

What are the four venomous snakes in the United States?

A

RATTLESNAKES
COPPERHEADS
WATER MOCCASINS
CORAL SNAKES

82
Q

______________ can be painful, costly, and potentially deadly

A

SNAKE BITES

83
Q

______________ are found in every state but Alaska Maine, and Hawaii

A

PIT VIPERS

84
Q

____________ account for more deaths and illnesses each year than all other venomous animals combined

A

INSECT STINGS

85
Q

About _________________ people is dangerously allergic to stinging insect venom

A

1 IN EVERY 200

86
Q

Most _____________ are venomous, but most lack long fangs and strong jaws to bite a human

A

SPIDERS

87
Q

About how many species of spiders in North America are capable of biting humans?

A

60

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