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First Aid and CPR Flashcards

1
Q

The level of ____________ indicates how well the brain is functioning

A

RESPONSIVENESS

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2
Q

_______________ occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or cut off

A

HEART ATTACK

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3
Q

This happens when one or more of the arteries delivering blood to the heart becomes blocked

A

HEART ATTACK

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4
Q

What happens when either the heart stops beating or the heart’s lower chambers suddenly develop a rapid irregular rhythm causing the ventricles to quiver rather than contract?

A

CARDIAC ARREST

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5
Q 
Chest discomfort
Discomfort in other areas of the body
Shortness of breath
Breaking out in a cold sweat 
Nausea 
Light-headedness
*******These are all signs of what?
A

HEART ATTACK

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6
Q

Chest pain called ______________ can result from coronary heart disease?

A

AGNIA PECTORIS

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7
Q

____________ occurs when coronary arteries become narrow and cannot carry sufficient blood to meet certain demands

A

AGNIA

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8
Q

_____________ can be described as crushing or squeezing

A

AGNIA

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9
Q

______________ lasts from ___________ to __________ minutes

A

AGNIA
3
10

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10
Q

What two drugs that affect the blood supply can be used to treat angia?

A

coronary vasodilators

nitroglycerin

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11
Q

___________ occurs when there is a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain

A

A STROKE

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12
Q

_____________ occurs when arteries in the brain rupture or become blocked

A

A STROKE

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13
Q

____________ effects are permanent

A

STROKE

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14
Q

What kind of strokes occur when blood vessels become narrowed or clogged with plaque?

A

ISCHEMIC STROKES

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15
Q

What kind of strokes occur when a blood vessel ruptures in or near the brain?

A

HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

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16
Q 
Weakness, numbness, or paralysis of one side 
Blurred vision
Problems speaking
Dizziness or loss of balance
Sudden, severe, and unexplained headache
Deviation of the eyes from PEARL 
****These are all signs of what?
A

A STROKE

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17
Q

________________ is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways

A

ASTHMA

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18
Q

____________ causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and coughing

A

ASTHMA

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19
Q 
Excessive coughing 
Wheezing 
Chest tightness
Shortness of breath
Sitting in the tripod position 
Inability to speak in complete sentences 
Nostrils flaring 
***These are all signs of what?
A

ASTHMA ATTACK

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20
Q

______________ is fast, deep breathing common during emotional stress

A

HYPERVENTILATION

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21
Q 
Untreated diabetes
Severe shock
Certain poisons
Brain swelling
High altitude
***These can cause what?
A

HYPERVENTILATION

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22
Q 
Shortness of breath
Fast breathing
Tingling or numbness of the hands
Dizziness or light-headedness 
***These are signs of what?
A

HYPERVENTILATION

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23
Q

When encouraging a person to breath slowly, administering care for hyperventilation, what do you instruct them to do?

A

INHALE THROUGH THE NOSE
HOLD THE FULL INHALATION FOR 1-2 SECS
EXHALE SLOWLY THROUGH PURSED LIPS

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24
Q

What does COPD stand for?

A

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

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25
COPD is a broad term applied to what three things?
EMPHYSEMA CHRONIC BRONCHITIS RELATED LUNG DISEASES
26
What is the most common factor to COPD?
CIGARETTE SMOKING
27
Who is most commonly diagnosed for COPD?
PERSONS OLDER THAN 60 YEARS
28
``` Wheezing Coughing Shortness of breath Artificially supplied oxygen ***These are all signs of what? ```
COPD
29
_____________ is the sudden brief loss of responsiveness not associated with a head injury
FAINTING
30
___________ is also called syncope or psychogenic shock
FAINTING
31
Most ___________ are associated with decreased blood flow causing deficient oxygen or glucose in the brain
FAINTING EPISODES
32
``` A slow heart rate Heart rhythm disturbances Dehydration Heat exhaustion Anemia Bleeding ***these can all cause what? ```
FAINTING
33
___________ is a symptom of epilepsy
SEIZURES
34
___________ is the underlying tendency of the brain to produce sudden bursts of electrical energy that disrupts other brain functions
EPILEPSY
35
``` Lack of oxygen Heatstroke Poisoning Electric shock Hypoglycemia High fever in children Brain injury, tumor, or stroke Alcohol withdrawal, drug abuse or overdose ***These are several medical conditions that can lead to what? ```
SEIZURES
36
___________ seizures last for one to two minutes
CONVULSIVE SEIZURES
37
Non-convulsive seizures last how long?
ONLY A FEW SECONDS
38
Prolonged seizures are called what?
STATUS EPILEPTICUS
39
When do you need to call 911 for a seizure?
AFTER FIVE MINUTES
40
___________ is a hormone produced by the pancreas that assists the body in using energy from food
INSULIN
41
__________ develops when insulin is either ineffective or lacking
DIABETES
42
___________ is commonly diagnosed in childhood, and requires external insulin
TYPE I DIABETES
43
_________ is brought upon by excess body weight and sedentary lifestyle
TYPE II DIABETES
44
__________ occurs in some pregnancies, but is usually treated with diet
GESTATIONAL DIABETES
45
Too much insulin To little ort delayed food intake ***These can cause what?
LOW BLOOD SUGAR
46
What is the medical term for low blood sugar?
HYPOGLYCEMIA
47
What is the rule associated with the care for hypoglycemia?
THE RULE OF 15S
48
What does the rule of 15s entail?
If the condition does not improve in 15 minutes give 15 more grams of sugar
49
___________ is an injected medication that quickly raises blood glucose
GLUCAGON
50
What is the medical term for high blood sugar?
HYPERGLYCEMIA
51
___________ is the passage of loose, watery, or unformed stools
DIARRHEA
52
____________ is the passage of hard dry stools
CONSTIPATION
53
______________ is also known as a toxin and is defined as anything that can cause bodily harm to someone if it is used in the wrong way, used by the wrong person, or used in the wrong amount
A POISON
54
What are the four types of poisons?
INGESTED INHALED INJECTED ABSORBED
55
What are the four forms of poisons?
SOLIDS LIQUIDS SPRAYS GASES
56
______ occurs when the victim swallows a toxic substance
INGESTED POISONING
57
____________ account for 80 percent of all poisonings
INGESTED POISONINGS
58
What are the four classifications of drugs?
UPPERS DOWNERS HALLUCINOGENS VOLATILE CHEMICALS
59
_____________ are stimulants
SYMPATHOMIMETICS
60
A ___________ is any agent that produces an excited state
STIMULANT
61
____________ produce changes in mood and sensory awareness
HALLUCINOGENS
62
___________ might make users dangerous to themselves and others
HALLUCINOGENS
63
___________ are easy to obtain
DEPRESSANTS
64
People sometimes solicit ___________ from several physicians
PRESCRIPTIONS
65
``` ___________ is : odorless colorless nonirritating produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon based fuels ```
CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
66
_____________ has stinging hairs on its stem and leaves
STINGING NETTLE
67
_____________ have fine needlepoint leaves that penetrate the skin and injects an irritating chemical
STINGING NETTLE
68
It is estimated that __________________ will be bitten at some time by an animal or person
ONE OF EVERY TWO AMERICANS
69
____________ equal about 80 percent of bites
DOG BITES
70
Immediate tissue damage and later infection are two concerns of _________________
ANIMAL BITES
71
__________________ and _________________ people are especially prone to animal bites
CHILDREN | ELDERLY
72
Damage mostly occurs on the _____________, _________, ___________, and ___________
HANDS ARMS LEGS FACE
73
_______________ occur most often in rural or wilderness locations
WILD ANIMAL ATTACKS
74
_____________ is one of the most ancient and feared of diseases
RABIES
75
____________ is caused by a virus found in warm blooded animals
RABIES
76
____________ spreads from one animal to another in the saliva
RABIES
77
_____________ bites can cause severe injury
HUMAN BITES
78
____________ bites are indicated by a part of the body flesh is caught between teeth
TRUE BITES (human)
79
About ___________________ people throughout the world die of snake bites each year
50,000
80
In the US __________ to ______________ people are bitten by snakes, and ___________ to ___________ of them are by venomous snakes
40,000 TO 50,000 | 7,000 TO 8,000
81
What are the four venomous snakes in the United States?
RATTLESNAKES COPPERHEADS WATER MOCCASINS CORAL SNAKES
82
______________ can be painful, costly, and potentially deadly
SNAKE BITES
83
______________ are found in every state but Alaska Maine, and Hawaii
PIT VIPERS
84
____________ account for more deaths and illnesses each year than all other venomous animals combined
INSECT STINGS
85
About _________________ people is dangerously allergic to stinging insect venom
1 IN EVERY 200
86
Most _____________ are venomous, but most lack long fangs and strong jaws to bite a human
SPIDERS
87
About how many species of spiders in North America are capable of biting humans?
60

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