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Neuroscience > Final - Test 5. - Ch. 21 Visual System > Flashcards

Final - Test 5. - Ch. 21 Visual System Flashcards

1
Q

What does sight mean?

A

recognition and location of objects

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2
Q

What degrees of vision does each eye have vertically and horizontally?

A

180 but facial structures get in the way

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3
Q

What cranial nn point eyeball where we want it to go?

A

3, 4, and 6

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4
Q

What does Cranial Nn III do?

A

Vision

BRING AP FROM LIGHT INFORMATION FROM THE EYES BACK TO THE BRAIN

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5
Q

What does Cranial N IV do?

A

PARASYMPATHETIC FIBERS THAT GO BACK TO THE PUPIL AND LENSE OF THE EYE
Eye movement
Control of pupil and lens

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6
Q

Cranial N IV?

A

Eye movement

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7
Q

Cranial nerve VI

A

Eye movement

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8
Q

What cranial n is considered the parasympathetic efferent?

A

II

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9
Q

Which Cranial nn are in charge of eye movement?

A

II, IV and VI

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10
Q

What visual field does the nasal retina see?

A

Temporal visual field on ipsilateral side

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11
Q

What visual field does the temporal retina see?

A

Nasal field on contralateral side

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12
Q

Where do axons from nasal retina cross midline?

A

optic chiasm

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13
Q

Which side of the occipital lobe do the axons from the nasal retina go?

A

contralateral side

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14
Q

Which side of the occipital lobe do the axons from the temporal retina go?

A

ipsilateral side

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15
Q

What passes through the thalamus on the way to the cortex?

A

Concious visual pathway

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16
Q

What does the tract for vision pass on the way to occipital lobe to turn head because of visual stimulus?

A

superior colliculus

17
Q

What happens in the dorsal stream?

A

action
VISION GUIDES MOVEMENT

Comes into parietal to makes sense and ends in motor planning area
USE WHAT I SEE TO GUIDE MOTOR PLAN TO MOVE

18
Q

What happens in ventral stream?

A

VENTRAL – USED FOR PERCEPTION - TO GIVE MEANING AND GIVE A NAME TO WHAT I SEE

COMES FROM OCCIPITAL LOBE DOWN TO INFERIOR TEMPORAL LOBE
MEMORIES STORED

VISUAL AGNOSIA

19
Q

What is the pathway to the output specifying how to move (visual guidance)?

A 
retina
lateral geniculate
visual cortex
dorsal stream (action)
posterior parietal cortex
20
Q

What is the pathway to the output of visual identification of objects?

A 
retina
lateral geniculate
visual cortex
ventral stream (perception)
occuipitotemporal region
21
Q

What happens if a person has a single eye blindness?

A

optic N is cut
eye fills in gaps
loss of depth perception
contralateral eye can see 180 munis facial structures

22
Q

Bitemporal hemianopsia

A

ONLY NASAL RETINA DAMAGED
BITEMPORAL HEMIANOPSIA – 2 TEMPORAL VISUAL FIELDS HALF VISION CANNOT SEE (TUNNEL VISION)
MOST COMMON WITH CVA
LOSS IN LATERAL PERIPHERAL VISION

AXONS FRON NASAL RETINAS CUT AT CROSSING – LOSS INT EMPORAL VISUAL VIELDS

23
Q

Homonymous hemianopsia

A

ALL LIGHT INFORMATION FROM ONE HALF OF VISUAL SPACE GET CUT

LINE RIGHT DOWN MIDDLE

24
Q

Quadrantanopsia

A

IN OPTIC RADIATIONS
ONE FOURTH DON’T SEE
AXONS THAT HAVE LEFT HALAMUS GET INTERUPTED ONLY UPPER AND LOWER

25
Q

What is the pathway for Reflex and visually guided eye movements?

A

retine

tectum

26
Q

What is the pathway for pupil reflexes?

A

retine

pretectal area

27
Q

What is the medial longitudinal fasciculus?

A

connects Cranial nn 3, 4 and 6 on both sides of BS

It is how Abduction of one eye can occur simultaneously with adduction of opposite eye

28
Q

gaze stabiliization

A

Keep the eyes focused on an object of interest while the head is moving

29
Q

direction of gaze

A

Move the eyes to focus on an object of interest while it is moving
optinokinetic reflex

30
Q

nystagmus

A

Involuntary back and forth movements of the eyes designed to keep the visual world as steady as possible when we’re moving

31
Q

Where are both ears connected to?

A

both eyes

32
Q

optokinetic reflex (foundation of smooth pursuits)

A

stay focused on object of interest during slow head movements
Objects moves out of central vision and moves back to track it with a smooth pursuit
Keeps object in focus when it is moving but you are not

33
Q

optokintetic nystagmus

A

occurs when eye is focusing on something that is moving out of central focus and jumps

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