Final Exam pt. 2 Flashcards
What was the Milgram experiment ?
The experiment in which participants would shock (not really) another person, and it was to see how far people would listen to authority.
What is Jim Jones famous for?
In the 1970’s Jim Jones persuaded 900 people to commit suicide in Guyana, Africa.
“Revolutionary suicide” by drinkingcyanide-laced grape flavoredFlavor Aid.
Nearly 300 children murdered via cyanide poisoning
What type of authority does a bureaucracy have?
legal-rational authority
__________ is a legal-rational organization or mode of administration that governs with reference to rules and roles and emphasizes meritocracy.
Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy is a legal-rational organization or mode of administration that governs with reference to rules and roles and emphasizes __________.
meritocracy
___________ is based on the idea that people are treated fairly and equally and that everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed or fail, based on the amount of effort they exert.
Bureaucracy
What are the two types of domination according to Max Weber?
- Domination by economic power
2. Domination by authority
Weber defined the ______ as, the ultimate example of domination by authority.
state
What is an (economic) monopoly?
Exclusivecontrolofacommodityorserviceina particularmarket,oracontrolthatmakes possiblethemanipulationofprices.
What are examples of monopoly?
- Local telephone service
- Water service
- Cable television
- The U.S. Postal Service
- Prescription drugs
The _______ _____ is a system in which the state is responsible for the welfare of its citizens.
welfare state
Many organizations like Newsweek rank “the best countries to live in” based on factors like access to _________, __________, and other ______ resources.
education
healthcare
social
Resources may be considered welfare if they are provided by the ______ or __________.
state
government
What are the three theories about the development of the Welfare State?
(1) Logic of industrialism
(2) Neo-Marxist
(3) State-centered approach
Which theory of welfare is this: nations develop social welfare benefits to satisfy the social needs created by industrialization?
Logic of industrialism
Which theory of welfare is this: starts with the question of how democracy and capitalism can coexist -this theory is concerned with explaining the contradictions between formal legal equality and social class inequality - in this manner, the welfare state is seen as the mediator of class conflict?
Neo-Marxist
Which theory of welfare is this: emphasize the role of state bureaucrats in formulating welfare state policies?
State-centered approach
Most European states developed through fights over _________ _________.
territorial boundaries
Many countries in the world have been somewhat arbitrarily “produced” through ____________ or groups like the _______ _______.
colonization
United Nations
Implication: borders and geographic regions are ________ _________ through political, economic, and social means.
socially constructed
Implication: _______ and __________ regions are socially constructed through political, economic, and social means
borders
geographic
Implication: borders and geographic regions are socially constructed through ________, _________, and _______ means
political
economic
social
__________– a society that assigns social status, power and economic rewards on achievement, not ascribed personal attributes or favoritism
Meritocracy
What is the difference between rationalization and specialization?
Rationalization- the ever-expanding process of ordering and organizing.
Specialization- the process of breaking up work into specific defined tasks
What are the three types of rights according to T.H. Marshall?
- civil
- political
- social
______ rights are the rights guaranteeing a citizen’s personal freedom from interference, including freedom of speech and right to travel freely.
Civil
Civil rights are the rights guaranteeing a citizen’s personal freedom from ____________, including freedom of ______ and right to _______ freely.
interference
speech
travel
______ rights include the ensuring of peoples’ life and safety.
Civil
Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples’ ____ and ______.
life
safety
Civil rights provide protection from ____________.
discrimination
________ rights are the rights guaranteeing a citizen’s ability to participate in politics, hold office, or vote.
Political
List the right under political rights.
- the right to a fair trial
- due process
- seek redress or a legal remedy
- rights of participation in civil society and politics
- right to assemble
- right to petition
- right of self-defense
- right to vote
______ rights guarantee protection by the state including protection from the free market in the areas of housing, employment, health, and education.
Social
Social rights guarantee protection by the state including protection from the free market in the areas of ________, _________, _______, and _________.
housing
employment
health
education
Social rights includes rights to:
- No legal __________ __________
- No discriminatory hiring practices
- No discriminatory access to education
- No discriminatory access to healthcare
residential segregation
Social rights includes rights to:
- No legal residential segregation
- No discriminatory _______ practices
- No discriminatory access to education
- No discriminatory access to healthcare
hiring
Social rights includes rights to:
- No legal residential segregation
- No discriminatory hiring practices
- No discriminatory access to ________
- No discriminatory access to healthcare
education
Social rights includes rights to:
- No legal residential segregation
- No discriminatory hiring practices
- No discriminatory access to education
- No discriminatory access to _________
healthcare
_____ and ________ rights are considered to be constitutional rights, yet these rights were not granted to all citizens until recently in American history.
Civil
political
Civil and political rights are considered to be ___________ rights, yet these rights were not granted to all citizens until recently in American history.
constitutional
In the US, same-sex marriage has been legal nationwide since ____ __, 2015, when the United States Supreme Court ruled in Obergefell v. Hodges that state-level bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional.
June 26
In the US, same-sex marriage has been legal nationwide since June 26, 2015, when the United States Supreme Court ruled in _________ v. _______ that state-level bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional.
Obergefell
Hodges
The court ruled that the denial of marriage licenses to same-sex couples and the refusal to recognize those marriages performed in other jurisdictions violates the ____ _______ and the ______ __________ clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.
Due Process
Equal Protection
The court ruled that the denial of marriage licenses to same-sex couples and the refusal to recognize those marriages performed in other jurisdictions violates the Due Process and the Equal Protection clauses of the __th Amendment of the United States Constitution.
14th
Contradiction: Marshal noted that _____ rights centered on freedom from state interference, yet ______ rights make it the state’s responsibility to interfere in the lives of citizens.
civil
social
Contradiction: Marshal noted that civil rights centered on freedom from ______ interference, yet social rights make it the ______ responsibility to interfere in the lives of citizens.
state
state’s
