Chapter 3 powerpoint pt. 2

Question 1

Belief that one’s own culture or group is superior to others

Answer 1

ethnocentrism

Question 2

In ethnocentrism, one uses their own _______ as a ruler to measure all other ________

Answer 2

culture

cultures

Question 3

What is the connection between ethnography and colonialism?

Answer 3

lead to Westerners to believe non-Westerners as not having souls, not being human; and used to justify slavery, violence, and oppression.

Question 4

________ ________ was first coined by Ruth Benedict in the 1930s.

Answer 4

Cultural Relativism

Question 5

Cultural Relativism was first coined by _____ ________ in the 1930s.

Answer 5

Ruth Benedict

Question 6

________ _________ is the idea that we should recognize differences across cultures without passing judgment on or assigning value to those differences.

Answer 6

Cultural Relativism

Question 7

Cultural Relativism is the idea that we should _________ __________ across cultures without passing judgment on or assigning value to those differences.

Answer 7

recognize differences

Question 8

Cultural Relativism is the idea that we should recognize differences across cultures _________ ________ __________ on or assigning value to those differences.

Answer 8

without passing judgement

Question 9

Cultural Relativism is the idea that we should recognize differences across cultures without passing judgment on or _________ _______ to those differences.

Answer 9

assigning value

Question 10

One of the biggest benefits of utilizing our _________ ___________– we have the ability to step back from our own lives and examine situations without bias

Answer 10

sociological imagination

Question 11

One of the biggest benefits of utilizing our sociological imagination – we have the ability to step back from our own lives and examine situations ________ ____

Answer 11

without bias

Question 12

How do different cultures view eye contact?

Answer 12

In Chinese and Native American cultures it’s rude to look at people in the eye when talking, divert gaze

US culture it is rude not to look in eye.

Question 13

What are the limits of cultural relativism?

Answer 13

1. Death?
2. Physical abuse (man beating wife)?
3. Partial removal of genitals?
4. Jehovah’s Witness and blood transfusion?

Question 14

are modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal or natural, but that may strongly shape beliefs or concepts held by a society.

Answer 14

cultural scripts

Question 15

True or False: Gender roles are an example of cultural scripts.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

An idea that is widely accepted as natural by the society, but may or may not be reality for those outside that society because its human-made.

Answer 16

social construct

Question 17

is a group united by sets of concepts, values, traits, and/or behavioral patterns that are different from others within the same culture or society

Answer 17

subculture

Question 18

Subculture often ____________, but interact with others without issue

Answer 18

marginalized

Question 19

What is the difference between values and norms?

Answer 19

Values are moral beliefs.

Norms are how values tell us to act.

Question 20

the process by which a person internalizes the values, beliefs, and norms of society and learns to function as a member of that society.

Answer 20

socialization

Question 21

What is reflection theory?

Answer 21

theory states that culture is a projection of social structures and relationships into the public sphere

Question 22

How would a Marxist describe reflection theory?

Answer 22

A Marxist version of reflection theory argues that cultural objects reflect the material labor and production relationships that went into making them.

Question 23

What is one of the problems when it comes to reflection theory?

Answer 23

unidirectional, it assumes media has no impact on society

Question 24

What is the difference between media and mass media?

Answer 24

Media are any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate information

Mass media refers to any form of media that reaches the mass of the people.

Question 25

How do mass media and social norms affect each other?

Answer 25

Media simultaneously reflects and creates the world we live in.

Question 26

Social norms and ____ ______ cause each other.

Answer 26

mass media

Question 27

______ _____ and mass media cause each other.

Answer 27

Social norms

Question 28

Mass media provide us with ______ and _____.

Answer 28

values

norms

Question 29

_____ _____ provide us with values and norms.

Answer 29

Mass media

Question 30

Media are created by people with their own ______ and ________.

Answer 30

biases

opinions

Question 31

Culture is like two _______ facing each other.

Answer 31

mirrors

Question 32

What is hegemony?

Answer 32

When the ruling class can manipulate the value system of a society, so their view becomes the worldview.

Question 33

Bandwagoning is another form of __________

Answer 33

hegemony

Question 34

What are the intended short-term effects of media?

Answer 34

Advertisements, to make you buy products

Question 35

What are the unintended short-term effects of media?

Answer 35

Teenager plays violent video game goes out and commits similar crime from game

Question 36

What are the intended long-term effects of media?

Answer 36

Campaigning, like “Smokey the Bear”

Question 37

What are the unintended long-term effects of media?

Answer 37

Prejudices, stereotypes, and desensitization to violence.

Question 38

Where do stereotypes come from?

Answer 38

The media can create or reinforce stereotypes