Chapter 3 powerpoint pt. 2 Flashcards
Belief that one’s own culture or group is superior to others
ethnocentrism
In ethnocentrism, one uses their own _______ as a ruler to measure all other ________
culture
cultures
What is the connection between ethnography and colonialism?
lead to Westerners to believe non-Westerners as not having souls, not being human; and used to justify slavery, violence, and oppression.
________ ________ was first coined by Ruth Benedict in the 1930s.
Cultural Relativism
Cultural Relativism was first coined by _____ ________ in the 1930s.
Ruth Benedict
________ _________ is the idea that we should recognize differences across cultures without passing judgment on or assigning value to those differences.
Cultural Relativism
Cultural Relativism is the idea that we should _________ __________ across cultures without passing judgment on or assigning value to those differences.
recognize differences
Cultural Relativism is the idea that we should recognize differences across cultures _________ ________ __________ on or assigning value to those differences.
without passing judgement
Cultural Relativism is the idea that we should recognize differences across cultures without passing judgment on or _________ _______ to those differences.
assigning value
One of the biggest benefits of utilizing our _________ ___________– we have the ability to step back from our own lives and examine situations without bias
sociological imagination
One of the biggest benefits of utilizing our sociological imagination – we have the ability to step back from our own lives and examine situations ________ ____
without bias
How do different cultures view eye contact?
In Chinese and Native American cultures it’s rude to look at people in the eye when talking, divert gaze
US culture it is rude not to look in eye.
What are the limits of cultural relativism?
- Death?
- Physical abuse (man beating wife)?
- Partial removal of genitals?
- Jehovah’s Witness and blood transfusion?
are modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal or natural, but that may strongly shape beliefs or concepts held by a society.
cultural scripts
True or False: Gender roles are an example of cultural scripts.
True
An idea that is widely accepted as natural by the society, but may or may not be reality for those outside that society because its human-made.
social construct
is a group united by sets of concepts, values, traits, and/or behavioral patterns that are different from others within the same culture or society
subculture
Subculture often ____________, but interact with others without issue
marginalized
What is the difference between values and norms?
Values are moral beliefs.
Norms are how values tell us to act.
the process by which a person internalizes the values, beliefs, and norms of society and learns to function as a member of that society.
socialization
What is reflection theory?
theory states that culture is a projection of social structures and relationships into the public sphere
How would a Marxist describe reflection theory?
A Marxist version of reflection theory argues that cultural objects reflect the material labor and production relationships that went into making them.
What is one of the problems when it comes to reflection theory?
unidirectional, it assumes media has no impact on society
What is the difference between media and mass media?
Media are any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate information
Mass media refers to any form of media that reaches the mass of the people.
How do mass media and social norms affect each other?
Media simultaneously reflects and creates the world we live in.
Social norms and ____ ______ cause each other.
mass media
______ _____ and mass media cause each other.
Social norms
Mass media provide us with ______ and _____.
values
norms
_____ _____ provide us with values and norms.
Mass media
Media are created by people with their own ______ and ________.
biases
opinions
Culture is like two _______ facing each other.
mirrors
What is hegemony?
When the ruling class can manipulate the value system of a society, so their view becomes the worldview.
Bandwagoning is another form of __________
hegemony
What are the intended short-term effects of media?
Advertisements, to make you buy products
What are the unintended short-term effects of media?
Teenager plays violent video game goes out and commits similar crime from game
What are the intended long-term effects of media?
Campaigning, like “Smokey the Bear”
What are the unintended long-term effects of media?
Prejudices, stereotypes, and desensitization to violence.
Where do stereotypes come from?
The media can create or reinforce stereotypes
