Chapter 11 powerpoint pt. 2 Flashcards
What is the difference between morbidity and mortality?
Morbidity is a measure of sickness or disease within a geographic area.
Mortality is a measure of deaths within a population or geographic area.
What is the association between social inequality and health?
Despite advances in screening techniques, vaccinations, or any other piece of health technology or knowledge, the underlying fact is that those from low SES (social economic status) communities lack resources to protect and/or improve their health.
How does race impact health?
There are numerous health discrepancies between races in the United States, with whites having the best outcomes overall.
The starkest differences between race and health can be found between ______ and ______.
whites
blacks
Which race typically has the longest lifespans?
whites
Acculturation to mainstream U.S. culture is associated with lower vegetable consumption among _______ immigrants.
Latino/a
__________ to mainstream U.S. culture is associated with lower vegetable consumption among Latino/a immigrants.
Acculturation
What is the largest and one of the fastest growing ethnic minority groups in the U.S.?
Latinos
What race faces higher rates of obesity and diabetes?
Latinos
________ consumption is critical in preventing chronic disease.
Vegetable
Vegetable consumption is critical in preventing _______ disease
chronic
_____ is one of the most important health determinants.
Diet
The World Health Organization (WHO, 2010) recognizes that gender is an important determinant of health in two dimensions:
1.
2.
- Gender inequality leads to health risks for women and girls globally
- Addressing gender norms and roles leads to a better understanding of how the social construction of identity and unbalanced power relations between men and women affect the risks
What are some of the sociocultural factors that prevent women and girls to benefit from quality health services and attaining the best possible level of health?
- unequal power relationships between men and women;
- social norms that decrease education and paid employment opportunities
- an exclusive focus on women’s reproductive roles
- potential or actual experience of physical, sexual and emotional violence.
Recent figures indicate that ___% of women worldwide have experienced either intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence in their lifetime.
35%
Recent figures indicate that 35% of women worldwide have experienced either intimate _______ violence or non-partner _______ violence in their lifetime.
partner
sexual
Women are more susceptible to _________ and ______ than men.
depression
anxiety
__________ is the leading cause of disease burden for women in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries.
Depression
What are the main causes of death worldwide in adolescent girls ?
Self-inflicted injuries, road traffic injuries, and drowning.
_____ ______ injuries are the leading cause of death among adolescent girls in high- and upper-middle-income countries.
Road traffic
Globally, __________ disease, often thought to be a “male” problem, is the number one killer of women.
cardiovascular
Who lives longer and why?
Women live longer than men, which can be attributed in part to the types of illnesses each sex is more susceptible to as well as to how willing each sex is to seek medical care.
Men who held lower ranks/lower status had much higher rates of common ________ and higher ________ rates.
illnesses
mortality
Men in lowest ranks were more than twice as likely as men in the highest rank to suffer from _____________ disease.
cardiovascular
What is the limitation in correlation between class and health?
It did not account for personality difference and skill set.
How do neighborhoods impact health?
The neighborhood a child grows up in affects theirearnings in adulthoodand theirlikelihood of moving up the income distribution, and thatlow-income boys are particularly vulnerable to these effects.
What is a food desert?
A geographic area that lack access to fresh fruit, vegetables, and other healthful whole foods, usually found in impoverished areas. This is largely due to a lack of grocery stores, farmers’ markets, and healthy food providers.
People with lower incomes are _____ likely to live in food deserts and _____ likely to have cars to access healthy food options.
more
less
People with ______ incomes are more likely to live in _____ ______ and less likely to have cars to access healthy food options.
lower
food deserts
Living in a food desert is associated with ______ ___________ of fresh fruits and vegetables.
lower consumption
Living in a food desert is associated with higher _____ _____ _____ and higher rates of ______.
body mass index
obesity
Latinos, African Americans, and Native Americans have higher rates of ________ and ______ compared to whites. This may be partially explained by their food environment.
diabetes
obesity
What races have higher rates of diabetes and obesity compared to whites?
Latinos, African Americans, and Native Americans
What is DSM short for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
Beginning with the DSM’s third edition, there has been a much greater emphasis on _________ psychiatry over dynamic psychiatry.
diagnostic
Beginning with the DSM’s third edition, there has been a much greater emphasis on diagnostic psychiatry over ________ psychiatry.
dynamic
There has been a significant increase in the use of pharmaceuticals to treat mental illness. What are some of the negative aspects of this change?
- devaluation of the benefits of talk therapy
- overprescribing or mis-prescribing of pharmaceuticals
- stigma attached to taking medication for mental illness
- increasing power of pharmaceutical companies, which have benefited from the growth of the diagnostic approach
Many psychiatrists consider the use of pharmaceuticals as simply ____ _____ ___ ____ _______ of ways to treat an individual
one tool in the toolbox
As the medical profession becomes more like a consumer model and as pharmaceutical companies market their products directly to “__________” through ____________, it becomes more difficult for the medical professional to convince patients that using medicines alone might not be in their best interest.
consumers
advertisements
as the medical profession becomes more like a consumer model and as pharmaceutical companies market their products directly to “consumers” through advertisements, it becomes more ________ for the medical professional to convince patients that using medicines alone might not be in their best interest.
difficult
as the medical profession becomes more like a consumer model and as pharmaceutical companies market their products directly to “consumers” through advertisements, it becomes more difficult for the medical professional to convince patients that using ______________________________________________________.
medicines alone might not be in their best interest.
Medication advertisements are illegal in what country?
Europe
