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A&P 1 > Final Exam Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Final Exam Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

If no Impediment to filtration, the tip of Bowman’s capsule should have the same fluid composition as what?

A

What was filtered from the Glomerular Capillaries

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2
Q

What organ is the long term BP and pH regulator?
*Short Term pH regulator

A

Kidney
*Lungs

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3
Q

If your HCT is low, what will the Kidneys release in order to increase RBC production?

A

EPO

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4
Q

How do the kidneys regulate pH?

A

Produce Bicarb and rid excess protons

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5
Q

What is an example of nitrogenous compounds in DM2?

A

Urea

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6
Q

What hormone does the kidney use to regulate osmolarity?

A

ADH

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7
Q

In order from Large to small, list the Renal Arteries

A

Renal Artery - Segmental Artery - Interlobar Arteries - Arcuate Arteries - Interlobular Arteries

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8
Q

In order from in to out, list the Renal Veins

A

Interlobular veins - Arcuate veins - Interlobar Veins - Segmental Veins - Renal Vein

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9
Q

What is the functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

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10
Q

How many nephrons do we have?
*Per each kidney?

A

2 million
* 1 million each

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11
Q

90-95% of Nephrons are which kind?
*Where do their capillaries dip into?
*Superficial or Deep

A

Cortical Nephrons [Superficial]
*Outer medulla

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12
Q

5-10% of Nephrons are which kind?
*What are their capillaries called
*Superficial or Deep

A

Inner Medullary Nephrons
*Vasa Recta
*Deep

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13
Q

In the Vasa Recta, are there more ascending or descending portions?
*Why

A

More ascending than descending
*b/c it slows blood velocity, which keeps solutes from being washed out in the deep inner medullary interstitium

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14
Q

If ascending vasa recta blood flow is increased, what would happen to inner medullary osmolarity?

A

It would be decreased, as you are washing out all of the solutes

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15
Q

Which part of the kidney/nephrons is most sensitive to hypotension/ischemia?

A

Inner medullary Nephrons

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16
Q

Kidney is inferior to which 2 structures per lecture?

A

Diaphragm and Mesenteric Arteries

17
Q

The R Kidney touches which organs: Superior to Inferior
*Which Quadrant

A

Liver, Colon
*RUQ

18
Q

The L Kidney touches which organs: Superior to Inferior
*Which Quadrant

A

Stomach, spleen, pancreas, colon
*LUQ

19
Q

If a Pt has a kidney stone, where is pressure elevated?

A

Upstream from the stone, up the ureter as no place for urine to leave

20
Q

What does the prostate wrap around
*What happens in Prostate Cx

A

The urethra
*Increase constriction, so trouble emptying bladder

21
Q

Who was the famous chemist who had Prostate Cx and took Vitamin C

A

Lynus Paulene

22
Q

Where is the Pudendal Nerve Located
*Functions

A

S2, S3, S4
*Erection, bowel, bladder

23
Q

What are the 3 segments of the Loop of Henle

A

DThL, AThL, TAL

24
Q

Where is the Macula Densa Located
*Function

A

TAL
*Speedometer to tell the kidney how much to filter and help control GFR

25
Q

Where are JG cells located?

A

Afferent and Efferent Arterioles

26
Q

What do JG cells release?

27
Q

If you have low Renal Blood Flow, how do the JG cells react?

A

Release Renin = Angiotensin 2
*Constrict Efferent Arteriole to increase Glomerular Capillary Pressure and GFR

28
Q

If you have high Renal Blood Flow, how do the JG cells react?

A

Slow Release Renin = Less Angiotensin 2
*Dilate Efferent Arteriole to decrease Glomerular Capillary Pressure and GFR

29
Q

What is CL

A

Qty of Plasma cleared of a substance per unit of time

30
Q

Increased Renal CL means what

A

Clearing high amounts of a compound

31
Q

Decreased Renal CL means what

A

Clearing low amounts of a compound

32
Q
A
  1. Arcuate Arteries and Veins
  2. Interlobar Arteries and Veins
  3. Renal Artery
  4. Renal Vein
  5. Segmental Arteries
  6. Interlobular Arteries and Veins
33
Q
A
  1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule
  2. AA and EA
  3. Straight Proximal Tubule
  4. Descending Thin Limb
  5. Ascending Thin Limb
  6. Ascending Thick Limb
  7. Glomerulus
  8. Bowman’s Capsule
  9. Macula Densa
  10. Distal Convoluted Tubule
34
Q
A
  1. Proximal Tubule
  2. Podocytes
  3. AA
  4. EA
  5. Bowman’s Capsule
  6. Slit Pores
  7. Fenestrations
  8. Endothelium
  9. Basement Membrane
  10. Epithelium
35
Q
A
  1. R Suprarenal Gland
  2. L Suprarenal Gland
  3. Hepatic Surface
  4. Colic Surface
  5. Gastric Surface
  6. Splenic Surface
  7. Pancreatic Surface
  8. Colic Surface
36
Q
A
  1. R kidney
  2. L kidney
  3. Suprarenal Glands
  4. Mesenteric Arteries
  5. Abdominal Aorta
  6. Ureters
37
Q
A
  1. Interlobar Artery
  2. Segmental Artery
  3. L Renal Artery
  4. Interlobular Artery
  5. Arcuate Artery
  6. Segmental Artery
  7. L Kidney
38
Q
A
  1. Cortex
  2. Outer Medulla
  3. Inner Medulla
  4. Interlobular Artery
  5. Arcuate Artery
  6. Efferent Arteriole
  7. DVR
  8. AVR

A&P 1 (24 decks)

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