Exam 3 Lecture 1

Question 1

A Bundle of Axons within the CNS is called?

Answer 1

Tract

Question 2

What is the 2nd Main Motor Descending Pathway?
*Percentage
*Full Pathway

Answer 2

Anterior Corticospinal Tracts [17%]
SAME as Lateral Corticospinal Tracts, EXCEPT XOVER IS AT SPINAL CORD where the signal actually meets the motor neuron [if leg wants to move, XOVER at motor neuron of moving leg]

Question 3

Random Part of the Thalamus to Know per lecture

Answer 3

Ventrobasal Complex

Question 4

What is the 3rd Motor Descending Pathway?
* Percentage

Answer 4

Uncrossed Lateral Corticospinal Tract; NO XOVER [2%]; stays on the same side

Question 5

Lamina 1–>6 contain what types of receptors, per lecture

Answer 5

Mechanoreceptors

Question 6

What parts do sensory and motor go through that are the same?

Answer 6

Internal Capsule, Medulla, Spinal Cord?

Question 7

What does Decussation mean?

Answer 7

Place where something crosses over

Question 8

What is the Fasciculus Cuneatus?

Answer 8

Part of the DCML; sensory signals from the upper parts of the body

Question 9

Lamina 8
*What is located here?
*Where is it
*How is it turned on, What can it stimulate

Answer 9

Large Motor Neurons in the Anterior Grey Matter Horn
*Turned on by signal from brain or reflex arc
*can stimulate action potentials

Question 10

Where do the Spinocerebellar Tracts transmit sensory information?

Answer 10

Spinal Cord to the Cerebellum

Question 11

The higher you get in the cord, what happens to the dorsal columns?

Answer 11

They become larger/wider

Question 12

What 2 Main Tracts makeup the Motor Descending Pathway?

Answer 12

Pyramidal Tract and Extrapyramidal Tract

Question 13

What are the 2 main parts of the Pyramidal Motor Descending Pathway

Answer 13

Lateral Corticospinal Tract
Anterior Corticospinal Tract

Question 14

What 2 routes do touch sensations take?

Answer 14

Gray Matter or up to Brain via Dorsal Column

Question 15

What is the Main Sensory Ascending Pathway called
*where is it
*What fibers and subtypes
* 2 main parts

Answer 15

Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus System [DCML]
*dorsal columns in back of spinal cord
*A fibers, all subtypes (a,b,g,d)
*Fasciculus Gracilis, Fasciculus Cuneatus

Question 16

What is the Main Motor Descending Pathway?
* Percentage
* Full Pathway

Answer 16

Lateral Corticospinal Tracts [80%]
Motor Cortex in FL - Internal Capsule - Pyramids of Medulla [X] - Lateral Corticospinal Tracts - Activation of Motor Neuron @ Anterior Horn of Grey Matter in Spinal Cord

Question 17

Lamina 7 (never mentioned but on ppt)
*another name and location

Answer 17

Intermediolateral Nucleus; Lateral Gray Horn

Question 18

Lamina 2 and 3
*another name
*what kind of pain signals and fibers
*myelinated or non
*what other lamina can be roped in with these 2?

Answer 18

Substantia Gelatinosa
*Slow pain - C fibers, non-myelinated
*Lamina 5 can also get slow pain

Question 19

A bundle of Axons outside the CNS is called?

Answer 19

Nerves

Question 20

Where does the Anterior Spinothalamic Tract transmit Sensory Pain Information?

Answer 20

Spinal Cord –> Thalamus –> Parietal Lobe

Question 21

What is the Difference between the Main and the 2nd Main Motor Descending Pathway?

Answer 21

X-OVER in Main is Pyramidal Decussation on Pyramids of Medulla
X-OVER in 2nd is Spinal Cord at where motor neuron meets
Main - Lateral side of cord
2nd - Anterior side of cord

Question 22

What is the Fasciculus Gracilis?

Answer 22

Part of the DCML; sensory signals from lower parts of the body

Question 23

Lamina 1
*Another name for it
*What kind of Pain signals and fibers
*myelinated or non

Answer 23

Most Dorsal Lamina; called Lamina Marginalis
*Sharp Pain - A delta Fibers, myelinated nociceptors

Question 24

Post-Central Gyrus Portions [anterior to posterior]

Answer 24

Lower extremity, trunk, upper extremity, face

Question 25

How many Lamina are in Rexed’s Laminae?
*How are they labeled
*What part of the cord are they located

Answer 25

10 Lamina
*Labeled most Dorsal to Ventral
*Gray Matter

Question 26

Which is Bigger: Sensory or Motor areas for transmission?

Answer 26

Sensory

Question 27

What is the Extrapyramidal Tract?

Answer 27

Outside of pyramidal tracts that are accessory motor pathways to coordinate complex tasks

Question 28

What is the XOVER for the Lateral Corticospinal Pathway [primary]?

Answer 28

Pyramidal Decussation of the Medulla

Question 29

What is the XOVER for the DCML Pathway?

Answer 29

Medulla [lower part] - Lemniscal Decussation

Question 30

What is the XOVER for the Anterior Corticospinal Pathway [2nd]?

Answer 30

Spinal Cord where it meets the motor neuron

Question 31

Lamina 10
*What is it used for
*What is the white portion surrounding it

Answer 31

Cross-Talk between both sides of spinal cord; located on middle body of gray butterfly
*Anterior White Commissure (AWC)

Question 32

DCML Sensory Pathway

Answer 32

Dorsal Root - Dorsal Root Ganglia - Dorsal Column [fasciculus gracilis] - Upper extremities to brain via fasciculus gracilis - XOVER at Medulla - Medial Lemniscus - Thalamus [Ventrobasal Complex] - Internal Capsule - Parietal Lobe

Question 33

Is the Sensory Ascending Pathway Afferent or Efferent?

Answer 33

Afferent

Question 34

Is the Motor Descending Pathway Afferent or Efferent?

Answer 34

Efferent

Question 35

What is a Homunculus?

Answer 35

Creepy drawing on ppt

Question 36

What 2 specific portions of the body have a higher number of sensors?
*how does this compare to part of brain size, per lecture

Answer 36

Face, Hands - Large part of the brain, b/c more sensors

Question 37

How many total spinal tracts do we have?

Answer 37

5