Final Exam Flashcards
Pelvic girdle is made up of
-sacrum
-coccyx
-right and left ossa coxae
Function of the pelvis
Supports and protects viscera of body cavity
Parts of ossa coxae
-ischium
-ilium
-pubis
Parts of the ischium
-ischial spine
-ischial body
-lesser sciatic notch
-ramus
-ischial tuberosity
Parts of the ilium
-ala
-arcuate line
-iliac fossa
-anterior, posterior, inferior gluteal lines
-auricular surface
-iliac crest
-anterior/posterior superior iliac spine
-posterior/anterior inferior iliac spine
-greater sciatic notch
Parts of the pubis
-inferior pubic ramus
-ischiopubic ramus
-superior pubic ramus
-obturator foramen
-pubic crest
-pubic tubercle
-symphysial surface
-pectineal line
Ramus
-ischium
Fuses with pubis
Ala
-ilium
Fan shaped portion
Iliac fossa
-ilium
Depression
Anterior, posterior, inferior gluteal lines
-ilium
Attachment for gluteal muscles
Auricular surface
-ilium
Sacrom to form sacroiliac joint
Iliac crest
-ilium
Feelable area of hip
Greater sciatic notch
-ilium
Contains sciatic nerve, for lower limb
Acetabulum
Where the femur articulates
-area of all three bones
Lunate surface
-Part of acetabulum
Smooth c shaped surface that articulates with femoral head
Inferior pubic ramus
Fuses with ischium
Inferior pubic ramus forms the
Ischiopubic ramus
Oburator foramen
Contains Pubic and ischial rami
Pubic crest ends at
Pubic tubercle
Symphysial surface
Site of articulation with pubic bone
True pelvic bone
Contains rectum and sex organs
-lesser pelvis
False pelvis
Does not contains pelvic organs
-urinary bladder, lower intestine
Pelvic brim
Line from sacral promontory to the upper part of pubic symphysis
Pelvic axis
Path of the baby during birth
Female pelvic bone
Wider and shallower
-more space
Subpubic angle of female and males
Female : >100
Male: <90
Male pelvic bone
Larger and heavier
-pelvic inlet smaller and heart shaped
Coccyx of female and male
Female: posterior tilt
Male: vertical
The femur
Longest, strongest and heaviest
Head of femur
Articulates with os coxae at acetabulum
Fovea of femor
Small depression within head
Pectineal line of femor
Attachment of pectineus muscle
Gluteal tuberosity of femor
Attachment of gluteus Maximus muscle
Intercondylar fossa of femor
Separates 2 condyles
Patellar surface of femor
Patella articulates with the femur
Patella
The kneecap
Articular surface of patella
Articulates with patellar surface of femor
Tibia
Weight bearing
Interasseous membrane
Thin sheet between tibia and fibula
Fibula
Origin for several muscles
Medial and lateral condyles of tibia
Articulate with medial and lateral condyles of femur
Fibula articular facet of tibia -forms
Superior tibulofibular joint
Tibial tuberosity of tibia
Attachment for patellar ligaments
Fibula notch of tibia -forms
Inferior tibulofibular joint
Articular facet of fibula
Articulates with tibia
Lateral malleolus of fibula
Provides lateral stability
Proximal tarsals
Calcaneus, talus and navicular
Distal tarsals
-Medial, intermediate and lateral cuneiforms
-cuboid
Iliacus origin and insertion
O: iliac fossa of ilium
I: lesser trochanter of femur
Function of the iliacus
-anterior muscle
-flexes and rotate thigh laterally
Function of: Anterior, posterior and media muscles that move the thigh
-stabilize hip joint
-support for body during movement
Anterior group of muscles
-Illiacus
-psoas major
-sartorius
-recuts femoris
Function of anterior group of muscles
Hip flexors
Psoas major origin and insertion
O: transverse process & body of lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter
Psoas major function
Anterior group
-flexes and rotates the thigh laterally
Sartorius origin and insertion
O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: medial surface of body of tibia
Sartorius function
Anterior group
-flexes, abducts and rotates leg medially
What is the longest flexor and rotator muscle of the thigh
Sartorius
Recuts femoris origin and insertion
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: tibial tuberosity
Recuts femoris function
Extends and flexes thigh at a hip joint
Lateral group of muscles
-tensor fasciae latae
Origin and insertion of tensor fasciae latae
O: iliac crest/spine
I: tibia by the way of iliotibial tract
Function of tensor fasciae latae
Flexes and abducts thigh medially at hip joint
Lumbar plexus cutaneous innervates
To the calf of the leg, and plantar surface of the foot
Lumbar plexus motor innervation
Posterior thigh and leg muscles
-intrinsic muscles of the foot
Location of lumbar plexus
L1-L5
Femoral nerve
Thigh, leg and foot
-posterior division of the lumbar plexus
Obturator nerve
Medial and lateral aspects of only the thigh
-anterior division
Posterior division of lumbar plexus
Femoral nerve
Anterior division of lumbar plexus
Obturator
What type of bone is the patella
Sesmoid
Patella forms what joint
Patellofemoral joint
Fibula is
Lateral
How many tarsals
Seven
how many metatarsals
Five
How many Phalanges
Fourteen
Metatarsophalangeal joint is between
Phalanges and metatarsals
Tarsometatarsal joint is between
Metatarsals and tarsals
Intersarsal joints are between
Tarsals and tarsals
Anterior extensor muscles of knee and leg
-recuts femoris
-vastus lateralis
-vastus medial is
-vastus intermedius
Recuts femoris origin and insertion
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: tibial tuberosity
Vastus lateralis origin and insertion
O: greater trochanter and line aspera of femur
I: tibial tuberosity
Vastus medialis origin and insertion
O: linea aspera of femur
I: tibial tuberosity
Vastus intermedius origin and insertion
O: anterior and lateral surface of the body of the femur
I: tibial tuberosity
Anterior extensor muscles all extend
The leg at knee joint, and flexes thigh at hip
Posterior flexor muscles -hamstringis femoris
-biceps femoris
-semimembranosus
-semitendinosus
Posterior flexor muscles -hamstringis femoris function
Flexes leg at knee joint and extend the thigh at the hip
Origin and insertion of biceps femoris
O: ischial tuberosity
I: head and lateral condyles of fibula
Origin and insertion of semimembranosus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
Origin and insertion of semitendinosus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: shaft of tibia
Common action of anterior compartment of leg muscles
Extend great toe and dorsi flex the foot at the ankle joint
Common action of posterior leg muscles
Flexes leg at knee and plantar flex the foot at ankle joint
Location of sacral plexus
L4-L5 and S1-S4
Sacral plexuses supplies nerves to
Buttocks, perineum and lower limbs
Common fib nerve innervates
anterior, lateral leg and dorsum of the foot
Sciatic nerve innervates
Anterior and lateral leg
-dorsum of the foot
Abdominal aorta goes to
Common iliac
Common iliac goes to
External iliac
External iliac goes to
Femoral
Femoral goes to
Deep artery of the thigh and popiteal
Popiteal goes to
Anterior tibial or posterior tibial
Anterior tibial goes to
Dorsalis pedis
Dorsalis pedis goes to
Arcuate and lateral plantar
Arcuate goes to
Dorsal metatarsal
Dorsal metatarsal goes to
Dorsal digital
Posterior tibial goes to
Fibula, lateral plantar and medial plantar
Lateral plantar goes to
Plantar arch
Plantar arch goes to
Dorsal metatarsal
Dorsal metatarsal goes to
Plantar digital
Veins: anterior tibial and posterior tibial go to
Popliteal vein
Veins: popliteal vein goes to
Deep femoral vein
Vein: deep femoral vein goes to
Great saphenous vein
Vein: femoral vein goes to
External iliac
Vein: external iliac goes to
Internal iliac vein
Vein: internal iliac vein
Common iliac vein
Vein: common iliac vein goes to
Inferior vena cava
Six functions of the digestive system
-ingestion
-secretion
-motility
-digestion
-absorption
-dedication
Carbohydrates turned into
Glucose
Lipids turned in
Fatty acid
Proteins broken down into
Amino acid
GI tract consists of
-oral cavity
-pharynx
-esophagus
-stomach
-small intestine
-large intestine
-anus
Accessory organs consist of
-teeth
-tongue
-salivary glands
-liver
-gallbladder
-pancreas
GI tract vs accessory organs
GI- digest, absorb and secretion
accessory- release secretions to help digestive organs
Secretion consists of…
Gastric juices and hormones
Motility can be
Peristalsis (smooth wall) and mixing (contact with gastric juices)
Function of oral cavity
Initial site of mechanical and chemical digestion
Function of tongue
Manipulate food, mixing with saliva
Function of salivary glands
Produce and secrete saliva
-produces amylase
Amylase
Begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates