FINAL [Essay Questions] (Past tests)

Question 1

List the seven key parts of the communication process?

Answer 1

1) the sender
2) encoding
3) the message
4) the channel
5) decoding
6) the receiver
7) noise
8) feedback

Question 2

Explain the ways how employees learn culture

Answer 2

Culture is transmitted to employees through stories, rituals, symbols (material symbols), language.

Question 3

Discuss how to deal with gossip and rumors as a manager.

Answer 3

by 1) Sharing the information you have, and the information you don’t. As where there is good formal communication with much information, there is no need for rumors.
2) explain. Discuss what decisions are made and why they were made, as well as the plan going forward.
3) respond to rumors noncommittally, and then verify for youself the truths you can. While making sure to gather all sides of the story.
4) invite employees to discuss their concerns, ideas, suggestions, thoughts, and feeling about organizational matters.

Question 3

Define downward commmunication.

Answer 3

it is a communication which flows from one level to a lower level.

it includes assigning goals, providing instructions, communicating policies and procedures, and provides feedback.

it must explaing the reasons why a decision was made.

it’s problem is that it is one-way nature.

Question 4

Explain the full range of the leadership model?

Answer 4

laissez-faire, management by exception, cotingent reward are transactional leaderships and are leaning more to passive and ineffective.
while individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, idealized influence are transformational leaderships are leaning more towards effective and active in the model.

contingent reward being the neutral leadership where it is both passive and active, and effective and ineffective.

Question 5

List the steps in the rational decision making process.

Answer 5

1) define the problem
2) identify the decision criteria
3) allocate weights to the criteria
4) develop the alternatives
5) evaluate the alternatives
6) select the best alternative

Question 6

Examples of production deviant workplace behavior.

Answer 6

leaving early, intentionally working slowly, wasting resources

Question 7

List Maslow’s Hierachy of Needs

Answer 7

1) self-actualization
2) esteem
3) social-belongness
4) safety-security
5) physiological

Question 8

List the ways to overcome resistance to change.

Answer 8

1) communication
2) developing positive relationships
3) building support and commitment
4) participation

Question 9

Explain how contemporary perspectives differentiate types of conflict based on their effects.

Answer 9

functional conflict supports the goals of the group and improves its performance.

whereas conflicts that hinder group performance are dysfunctional or destructive forms of conflict.

Question 10

List the types of conflicts

Answer 10

1) functional conflict
2) dysfunctional conflict