Final Class Test Flashcards
Life cycles of bryophytes (mosses)
dom generation is the gameotyphyte phase
Life cycles of pteridophytes (ferns), gymnosperms, angiosperms
dom=sporophyte phase
Which stage are gameotophyte
haploid
Which stage are sporophyte
diploid
Where meiosis fits in with the stages of life cycles
meiosis produces spores in the moses and the ferns. meiosis produces sperm and eggs in gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Where mitosis fit in with the stages
sprotophyte=mitosis stage when making cells
alternation of generations
movement of gameotophyte to sporophyte and back
gametophyte
the gamete producing part of the plant. haploid
sporophyte
spore producing part of the plant. diploid
gamete
sex cell
archegonia
he fenale chambers where the gametes develop and where eggs are located
antheridia
male chambers where the spent develops
haploid
half the amount of chromosomes. n
diploid
two sets of chromosomes. 2n
spores
haploid cells. produced in sporophyte by meiosis
sporophylls
modified leaf that bears sporangia (sporangia=reproductive organs)
What are some differences between vascular plants and avascular plants?
vascular plants have vascular bundles with xylem and phloem. sporophyte is the dominant generation. some sperm have flagella
avascular plants. no xylem or phloem. cell to cell connection. gameotophyte is the dominant generation. all sperm have flagella
Adaptations that allowed vertebrates to live on land.
lung development. some type of way to move on land. some sort of bony skeleton. scales or water resistant surface. internal fertilization
If I gave you examples of organisms, be able to tell which ones are more closely related.
EX: bird, reptile, mammals. (birds and reptiles)
EX: angiosperm, gymnosperm, moss (angi and gymno)
How mosses and flowering plants differ in their reproduction
mosses have flagellated sperm;therefore, they have to be in moist environments
flowering plants have double fertilization where one spent fertilizes the egg and the other one creates the endosperm.
Types of symmetry and if given an organism that we have studied in lab or class, which body plan they have
Radial=central area and parts radiate out. EX: starfish, jellyfish
Bilateral=a front, a back, an anterior, a posterior. if cut one half looks like the other half. EX: humans
Asymmetry=no symmetry/not symmetrical. Amiba
protostome
during division of cells it becomes divided but it is not perfectly symmetrical. digestive system opening when forming the coelom it forms cavities on either side. . anus on tip and mouth in bottom
mollusk anneluds. arthropods
deuterostome
during division of cells it becomes divided perfectly. digestive system opening when forming the coelom it doesn’t form s cavity. it appears in the top. mouth in top and anus in bottom
echinoderms. chordates
Know which parts of an organism are derived from:
Endoderm=when the cell divides it makes three layers. the endoderm is the innermost layer
Mesoderm=when the cell divides it makes three layers. the mesoderm is the middle layer
Ectoderm=outermost layer when the cell divides
Bryophytes
mosses horne watts. liverworts. dom gen is gameotophyte (haploid). nonvascular
Pteridophytes
ferns. dom gen is sporophyte. the spores they produce are haploid and grow into the gameotophyte. they use meiosis to make spores. mitosis make the frond that grows out of the ground
Cnidarians
jellyfish. hydrozoas. nerve net that serves as their nervous system. have nematocysts that are the stinging cells. most are free floating. gelatinous type of body. very primitive animals
Echinoderms
sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars. tube feet that help them move. radial symmetry for them. sand dollars and sea urchins have a shell on the inside under the tube feet. eat and get rid of waste through the same hole.
Annelids
segmented worms. first organisms to have tru celums. segmented. wash segment has its own kidneys/kidney area called protonephridia.
Arthropods
insects and spiders. jointed appendages that allow them to walk. usually 2-3 body segments. insect=6 legs. spider=8 legs.
