Final Ch20 Flashcards
Argyris
- organisations neglected human needs
- certain organisational practices such as the division of leaders did not allow for the development of human personalities
Theory X
- people don’t naturally work they are lazy
- management is responsible for organising the elements of productive enterprise
Theory Y
- participative style of management that is decentralised
- people in lower levels are involved in decision making
Herzberg
- job enrichment over job enlargement
- unhappiness in jobs related to job environment or job context
- happy people in jobs to job content
job environment or job context
job context = hygiene factors
- supervision, relationships, salaries, working conditions
job content
- motivators
- achievement, recognition for accomplishment, challenging work, room for growth
Vroom
expectancy theory
expectancy theory
explains the choosing process in terms of the value of the reward and the expectancy of receiving the reward
equity theory
a persons perceptions of salary was based on two ratios:
1. Person’s pay relative to the pay of others 2. Person’s input (how hard they work) relative to the person’s output (salary)
goal setting theory
relationship between how difficult and specific a goal was and peoples performance of a task
- specific and difficult goals led to better task performance
leadership styles (5)
- participative leadership
- contingency or situational leadership
- transformational leadership
- charismatic leadership
- transactional leadership
participative leadership
- seeks to involve other people in the process
- reduce power and status differentials between the superior and the subordinate
contingency or situational leadership
leaders should change their leadership style based on the maturity of the people they are leading and the details of the task
transformational leadership
leader identifies the needed change, creates a vision to guide through the inspiration
- focused on members success
charismatic leadership
gathers followers through personality
