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Systems Path 2 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of integumentary system

A

Barrier (UV, fluid loss)
Lymphocytes
APC

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2
Q

Macule

A

Flat discoloration

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3
Q

Papule

A

Elevated dome

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4
Q

Plaque

A

Flat-topped elevation

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5
Q

Scale

A

Dry, horny, plate-like growth

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6
Q

Vehicle

A

Fluid filled area <5mm

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7
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid filled area >5 mm

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8
Q

Wheal

A

Raised area of edema

Aka hive

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9
Q

Acantholysis

A

Loss of keratinocytes adhesion

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10
Q

Acanthosis

A

Epidermal hyperplasia

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11
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

Hyperplasia of stratum corneum

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12
Q

Spongiosis

A

Intracellular epidermal edema

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13
Q

4 subcategories of acute inflammatory Dermatoses

A

Urticaria
Acute eczematous dermatitis
Erythema multiform
Acne

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14
Q

Urticaria aka

A

Hives/wheals

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15
Q

Urticaria is MC due to an

A

Allergic reaction

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16
Q

IgE dependent urticaria

A

Common allergens

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17
Q

IgE independent urticaria

A

ADR

Opiates, antibiotics

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18
Q

Urticaria MC ages

A

20-40 yo

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19
Q

Itchy and develop and fade in a few hours

A

Urticaria

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20
Q

Excessive complement activation resulting in edema in lower dermis

A

Hereditary angioedema

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21
Q

Hereditary angioedema due to inherited

A

C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency

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22
Q

Chronic eczema appearance

A

Scaling plaque

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23
Q

Acute eczema appearance

A

Red
Vesicles
Oozing
Crust

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24
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis due to what hypersensitivity

A

Type 4 hypersensitivity “delayed reaction”

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25
Q

MC form of eczema

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

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26
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis limited to contact site and involves ____ sensitization

A

CD4 T cells

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27
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Familial

Childhood onset

Improves with age

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28
Q

Atopic triad

A

Dermatitis
Asthma
Rhinitis

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29
Q

“Targetoid “ skin lesions that mimic ring worm

Acute skin condition

A

Erythema multiforme

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30
Q

Erythema multiform is a type ___ hypersensitivity MC due to ___ and attacks ___

A

4

Infection (viral)

Dermoepidermal junction

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31
Q

Erythema multiforme minor

A

Post infection

Mild

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32
Q

Erythema multiforme major

A

Drug related

Aggressive (sloughing of epidermis and fluid loss)

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33
Q

Stevens Johnson Syndrome

A

Erythema multiforme major

30% or less

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34
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

A

Erythema multiforme major

30% or more of body

Lethal

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35
Q

Acne that is deeper, more rare, and scaring is likely

A

Cystic acne

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36
Q

Comedones or pustules are characteristic of

A

Acne vulgaris

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37
Q

Acne vulgaris caused by ___ and MC in who

A

Cutibacterium acnes

MC adolescent males
MC adult females

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38
Q

MC around 2 months, 20% of babies

A

Baby acne

Aka milk spots

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39
Q

Milium is ___, characteristic of baby acne

A

Keratin filled cysts

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40
Q

Baby acne is idiopathic, but can be due to

A

Maternal hormones

Excessive sebum production

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41
Q

3 conditions a part of chronic inflammatory dermatoses

A

Psoriasis
Lichen planus
Lichen simplex chronicus

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42
Q

Type 4 hypersensitivity in epidermis that effects 2% of population

A

Psoriasis

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43
Q

Pink to salmon colored plaque with flaky silver white scale

A

Psoriasis

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44
Q

MC locations of psoriatic lesions

A 
Elbows 
Knees
Scalp
LS region 
Glans penis 
Intergluteal cleft
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45
Q

Treatment for psoriasis

A

Phototherapy (UVB)

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46
Q

Onycholysis observed in 1/3 of patients with

A

Psoriasis

Detachment of nail

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47
Q

Koebner phenomenon and Auspitz’s sign are what? And observed with what?

A

Koebner= plaque formation

Auspitz = microbleeds

Psoriasis

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48
Q

Psoriatic arthritis occurs in ___

A

5-30%

Pencil in cup deformity

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49
Q

35% of psoriatic patients have ___

A

Dactylitis (sausage digits)

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50
Q

Autoimmune skin condition with CD8 T cells in dermoepidermal junction

A

Lichen planus

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51
Q

Risks for lichen planus

A

ADR
Dyes
HCV infection

52
Q

MC symmetrical on extremities and MC middle aged adults

A

Lichen planus

53
Q

6 Ps of lichen planus

A 
Pruritic
Purple
Polygonal 
Planar
Papule
Plaque
54
Q

70% of ___ have oral involvement and have Wickham’s striae

A

Lichen planus

55
Q

Epidermal hyperplasia and dermal scarring with raised and itchy scale are characteristic of

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

56
Q

Repetitive trauma can cause ___

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

57
Q

Acanthosis nigricans

A

Asymptomatic hyperpigmentation of skin

Dark and velvety appearance

58
Q

Risks for acanthosis nigricans

A

Diabetes
Obesity
Genetics

59
Q

Locations for acanthosis nigricans

A

Body folds
Axilla
Groin
Neck

60
Q

80% of impetigo due to

A

Staph aureus

61
Q

Red rash with honey colored crust

Highly contagious

A

Impetigo

62
Q

Impetigo MC in

A

Children

Adolescents athletes

63
Q

Dermal abscess

A

Deeper

Due to staph aureus or pseudomonas aeruginosa

64
Q

Fungal infections are characterized with

A

Intense itching

65
Q

Tinea corporis

A

Non hairy location

66
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Scalp

67
Q

Tinea unguium

A

Nail bed

68
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Athlete’s foot

69
Q

Tinea Barbae

A

Beard follicles

70
Q

Tinea cruris

A

Groin

Jock itch

71
Q

Aspergillosis is associated with ___ or ____

A

Comorbiidites

Immunodeficiency

72
Q

Aspergillosis is angioinvasive and begins ___ and spreads ____

A

Lungs

Quickly

73
Q

Low risk HPV infections

A

6 and 11

74
Q

High risk HPV infections

A

16 and 18

75
Q

Warts MC in ___ and are self limited

A

Pediatric

76
Q

90% of genital warts, aka ___, are from ____

A

Condylomata acuminatum

HPV 6 or 11

77
Q

3 blistering disorders

A

Pemphigus
Bullous pemphigoid
Dermatitis herpetiformis

78
Q

Blistering disorders aka

A

Bullous disorders

79
Q

2 types of pemphigus

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

Pemphigus foliaceus

80
Q

Autoimmune attack in epidermis that decreases desmosomal attachments

A

Pemphigus

81
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity with “fishnet like pattern of IgG and loss of intracellular attachments

A

Pemphigus

82
Q

MC population for pemphigus

A

Any age, older adults

Rare

83
Q

MC pemphigus with blisters suprabasil

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

84
Q

Locations for pemphigus vulgaris

A 
Skin and mucosa
Face
Scalp
Axilla 
Groin
85
Q

Flaccid Bullae at any mucocutaneous area characteristic of

A

Pemphigus

86
Q

Subcorneal bullae limited to skin and less aggressive

A

Pemphigus foliaceus

87
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

Autoimmune attack with subepidermal blisters

Older adults

88
Q

Bullous pemphigoid MC locations

A 
Skin and mucosa 
Abdomen 
Thigh 
Forearm 
Axilla
Groin
89
Q

Bullous pemphigoid begins as rash and has what Ab pattern

A

Linear pattern of IgG

90
Q

Gestational pemphigoid

A

Bullous pemphigoid

91
Q

Tense bullae characteristic of

A

Bullous pemphigoid

92
Q

10% of Celiac patients have

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

93
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis MC affects

A

Males, age 20-40

94
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis MC locations

A

Torso
Gluteal region
Elbows
Knees

95
Q

IgA on dermal papillae

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

96
Q

Benign skin tumor with dark, coin like lesion with a waxy appearance

A

Seborrheic keratosis

97
Q

FGFR3 mutation causing overgrowth of keratinocytes

A

Seborrheic keratosis

98
Q

Seborrheic keratosis MC affects

A

Middle aged and elderly

99
Q

Leser-trelat Sign MC in GI, liver, lung, breast observed in

A

Seborrheic keratosis

100
Q

Cradle cap aka

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

101
Q

Scaly, flaky, itchy patches of red skin (dandruff)

Rich in sebaceous glands

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

102
Q

5% of population with onset around puberty and peaks around age 40

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

103
Q

Benign tumor of sebaceous gland that is slow growing and common and head and neck

A

Sebaceous adenoma

104
Q

Sebaceous adenoma MC around age

A

40-60

105
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

Dysplastic skin lesion due to chronic sun exposure

106
Q

Characteristic of actinic keratosis

A

Small tan/brown lesions with “sandpaper-like” texture

107
Q

Risk for actinic keratosis

A

Light skin

108
Q

Some consider actinic keratosis ___

A

Squamous cell carcinomas in situ

109
Q

Freq of actinic keratosis

A

10-25% population

MC older adults

110
Q

Conical projections of keratin that can be benign or malignant (20%)

A

Cutaneous horns

Aka Cornu cutaneum

111
Q

Risks for cutaneous horns

A

Actinic keratosis
Scars
Warts

112
Q

Senile purpura aka

A

Solar purpura

Actinic purpura

113
Q

Senile purpura result of ____

A

Cumulative UV damage

114
Q

Damage to collagen that results in blood leaking into dermis, causing purple macules indicates what

A

Senile purpura

115
Q

Freq of senile purpura

A

25% of >90 yo

116
Q

Senile purpura MC location

A

Forearms

Hands

117
Q

Liver spots aka

A

Solar lentigo

118
Q

Solar lentigo

A

Hyperplasia of melanocytes due to prolonged UV exposure

119
Q

Solar lentigo usually onset’s after age

A

40

120
Q

Dermatoheliosis aka

A

Photoaging

121
Q

Dermatoheliosis due to

A

Cumulative UVA and UVB exposure

122
Q

UVA and UVB damage ____ and cause wrinkles and increase ____

A

Collagen

increase MMP activity

123
Q

Pyramidine dimers can form with sunlight exposure and are ___

A

Carcinogenic

124
Q

MC skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma

125
Q

Most dangerous skin cancer

A

Melanoma

Systems Path 2 (11 decks)

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