Exam 1: GI Flashcards
Aphthous Ulcer
Painful ulceration of oral mucosa and pharynx
Aphthous ulcers are self limiting, ____ but commonly recur
Noncontagious
Physical characteristics of aphthous ulcer
White exudate
Red rim
Aphthous ulcer present in ____, and risk factors include
40% population
Females, < 20 yo Genetics Celiac / IBD Smoking Stress Trauma Fever
Supplementation with ___ can reduce aphthous ulcers
Vitamin B12
Behcet disease
Aphthous ulcers that travel down into esophagus
More intense
In women can effect vaginal region
Oral herpes caused by
Herpes simplex virus
60% of adults are carriers for
Oral herpes
HSV is latent in what ganglion
Trigeminal
HSV 1
Orofacial
HSV 2
Genital
Herpesviral encephalitis
Life threatening
Acute inflammation
MC HSV1
Intense initial reaction to HSV in childhood
Acute hermetic gingivostomatitis
Oral candidiasis aka
Thrush
Causative fungus of thrush
Candida albicans
Characteristics of thrush
Gray/white pseudomembranes
Underlying erythema
Thrush is ____
Opportunistic
2 oral proliferative lesions
Fibroma
Pyogenic granuloma
Fibroma
Modular mass following chronic irritation
Usually along bite line
Pyogenic granuloma aka
Pregnancy tumor
Pyogenic granuloma
Hemangioma of gingiva
Red/purple
Grows rapidly
Pyogenic granuloma can be on ____ or ____
Skin
Oral cavity
Leukoplakia
Raised, white patch that can’t be scraped off
Leukoplakia present in ___
3% population
Risks for leukoplakia
Inflammation (tobacco, alcohol, candidiasis)
Males
Age 40-70
25% of leukoplakia are pre-cancerous and can progress to
Squamous cell carcinoma
Erythroplakia
Red, velvety organ lesion with irregular borders
Risks fro erythroplakia
Males
Age 40-70
Tobacco
> 50% of erythroplakia transition into
Squamous cell carcinoma
Oral cancer is _____ MC in ___
2X MC in males
Thrush present in ___
40% kids
Thrush is characteristic of
AIDS
Diabetes
Antibiotics
Mutation common in oral cancer
TP53
95% of cases of oral cancer are what type?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Leukoplakia is considered a
Preneoplasic lesion
Erythroplakia is more __ and ___ than leukoplakia
Rare
Aggressive
SCC has ___ prognosis
Poor
<50 % long term survival
Risks for SCC in oral cavity
Alcohol
Tobacco
> 30 yo
HPV 16
Oropharyngeal pain and dysfunction are observed in
SCC (oral cancer)
Multiple primary tumors are common in
SCC (oral cancer)
MC locations for oral SCC
Ventral tongue Floor of mouth Lower lip Soft palate Gingiva
Appearance of oral SCC can be ___ or ___
Whitish-gray or erythematous
HPV associated Oral SCC location
Base of tongue
Tonsillar crypts
HPV associated oral cancer due to what pathogen
HPV 16
MC lymph node affected by oral SCC
Cervical nodes
Composition of saliva
99% water
IgA
Enzymes
Primary salivary gland pathologies are ___
Rare
MC primary salivary gland affected in pathologies
Parotid
Xerostomia
Dry mouth due to low saliva production