Final Flashcards
Social class is based on: A. income, education and occupational prestige B. Birth C. Marriage D. Religion
A. Income, education and occupational prestige
A/an \_\_\_\_\_ is a position an individual either inherits at birth or receives involuntarily later in life. A. Achieved status B. Ascribed status C. Social class D. Status set
B. Ascribed status
\_\_\_\_\_\_Refers to learning new norms, values, attitudes and behaviors to match a new situation in life. A. Conflicting socialization B. Pseudo-socialization C. Anticipatory socialization D. Resocialization
D. Resocialization
Adolescence is a(n) A. natural age division B. Ancient invention C. Social invention D. obsolete age distinction
C. Social invention
\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the level of analysis that socialogists use to focus on the broad features of society. A. Interactional sociology B. Macroscoiology C. Chaos theory D. Microsociology
B. Macrosociology
In \_\_\_\_\_, the focus is on social interaction.. A. Microsociology B. Behavioral sociology C. Macrosociology D. Order theory
A. Microsociology
A basic need addressed by \_\_\_\_ is to regulate reproduction. A. Medicine B. the family C. the economy D. education
B. The family
\_\_\_\_\_ lays out what is expected of people. A. Roles B. Sociology C. Parts D. Master Status
A. Roles
\_\_\_\_\_ refers to the standard or usual ways that a society meets its basic needs. A. religion B. social institutions C. status D. social class
B. social institutions
For Durkheim, \_\_\_\_ referred to the way that people who perform similar tasks develop a shared viewing of life. A. mechanical solidarity C. impromtu solidarity C. organic solidarity D. social class
A. mechanical solidarity
\_\_\_\_\_ is are the primary focus of microsociologists. A. hidden meanings and innuendo B. the broader features of society C. face to face interaction D. the demise of society as we know it.
C. face to face interaction
\_\_\_\_ is the violation of norms. A. Negative sanction B. deviance C. social control D. Sigma
B Deviance
Street crime refers to acts such as A. embesslement B. identity theft C. mugging, rape and robbery D. a corporation hiding large sums of money to acid paying taxes.
C. mugging, rape, and robbery
A ____ is commited by people of respectable and high social status in the course of their occupations.
A. street crime
B. white collar crime
C. victimless crime
D. crime that results in society’s most severe punishments
A. white collar crime
In what is known as a \_\_\_\_\_, people experience intimate, long term face to face association and cooperation. A. secondary group B. category C. primary group D. tertiary group
C. primary group
Secondary groups differ from primary groups in that secondary group s are A. not as important B. rare in contmporary society C. extremely informal D. larger and more anonymous
D. larger and more anonymous
A(n) \_\_\_\_\_ has standards that we refer to as we evaluate ourselves. A. in group B. out group C. reference group D. aggregate
C. reference group
The \_\_\_ of society refers to the process by which ordinary aspects of life are rationalized comes to rule them, including such things as food preparation. A. alientation B. Goal Displacement C. McDonaldsization D. Beauracracy
C. McDonaldization
Marx used the term \_\_\_\_ to refer to workers lack of connection to the product of their labor. A. powerlessness B. alienation C. goal displacement D. McDonalization
B. Alienation
\_\_\_\_\_ violates rules that are written into law. A. Crime B. Deviance C. Personality disorders D. Social order
A. Crime
\_\_\_\_\_ states that the labels people are given affect their own and others perceptions of them, thus channeling their behavior into either deviance or conformality A. Deviance theory B. control theory C. labeling theory D. neutralization . :
C. labeling theory
\_\_\_\_\_\_ may force a group to rethink its moral boundaries, helping the group to adapt to changing circumstances. A. Deviance B. straing theory C. white collar crime D. social disintergration
A. Deviance
Sociologist Robert Merton developed A. deviance theory B. a defense of white collar crime C. strain theory D. modern sociology
C. strain theory
Conflict theorists view the criminal justice system as
A. operating impartially to bring justice to all
B. A tool designed by the powerful to maintain their power and privilege
C. focusing on punishment of the powerful
D. an honest endeavor by society to settle disputes equitabaly.
B. A tool designed by the powerful to maintain their power and privilege.
The term coined by Charles Cooley to refer to the process by which our self develops through internalizing other's reactions to us is known as \_\_\_\_\_. A. looking glass self B. a stitch in time C. significant other D. precocius child
A. looking glass self
The unique human capacity to see ourselves "from the outside" the views we internalize of how we think others see us is known as \_\_\_\_\_. A.The significant other B. the self C. the generalized other D. the id
B. the self
The term generalized other refers to A. our ideal of a person B. our perception of how people in general think of us C. role models D. the certainty that no one likes us
B. your perception of how people in general think of us
Learning the gender map, the paths in life set out for us because we are male or female, is known as A. socialization out of gender B. gender socialization C. the preconcentional stage D. cultural imposition
B. gender socialization
Individuals of roughly the same age who are linked by common interests and orientations make up a A. peer group B. society C. gender D. transgendered group
A. peer group
Individuals and groups that influence our orientations to life are called A. the looking glass self B. agents of socialization C. the ego D. nature
B agents of socialization
The manifest function of formal education refers to A. education's unintended consequences B. the hidden curriculum C. the corridor curriculum D. education's intended purpose
D. education’s intended purpose
An example of a total institution is a A. School B. family C. law firm D. prison
D. prison
\_\_\_\_\_ are people who think of themselves as belonging together and who interact with one another. A. Categories B. groups C. formal categories D. aggregates
B. Groups
In what is known as a \_\_\_\_, people experience intimate, long term, face to face association and cooperation A. secondary group B. category C. primary group D. tertiary group
C. primary group
The tendency of formal organizations to be dominated by a small, self perpetuating elite is known as A. six degrees of separation B. voluntary association C. the iron law of oligarchy D. soft power
C. the iron law of oligarchy
A group towrds which one feels loyalty is known as a A. in group B. out group C. reference group D. aggregate
A. in group
A formal organization with a hierarchy of authority, impersonality of positions and written down pre A. a bureaucracy B. the opposite of McDonaldization C. an example of goal displacement D. a merticoracy
A. A bureaucracy
When sociologists group people into categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job and income, they are trying to determine \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. social network B. social location C. social personality D. social skills
A. Social nework
Karl Marx suggested that the force that drives human history and is at the core of human society is \_\_\_\_\_. A religion B class conflict C family D education
b class conflict
Which groups of social threorists would focus most on macro level analysis when examining patterns of society?
A symbolic interactionists and structural functionalists
B conflict throtists and structural functionalists
C symbolic interactionalists and conflict theorists
D. Conflict theorists and symbolic internationalists
B conflict theorists and structural functionalists
Functionalists refer to how parts of a society fit together to form a whole as \_\_\_\_\_\_. A a symbol B. an intefration C. a structure D. a variable
C structure
The unique human capacity to see ourselves "from the outside" the views we internalzie of how we think others see us is known as \_\_\_\_\_\_: A the significant other B the self C the generalized other D the id
B the self
Individuals and groups that influence our orientations to life are called A the looking glass self B. agents of socialization C. the ego D. nature
B agents of socialization
A group towards which one feels loyalty is known as an A in group B out group C reference group D aggregate
A in group
In an \_\_\_\_\_, preconceived ideas of what someone is like actually lead to the person behaving in ways to match those ideas. A hidden corporate culture B open corporate culture C self fulfilling stereotype D diverse workplace setting
C self fulfilling stereotype
Social class is based on A. income, education, and occupational prestige B. girth C. marriage D religion
A income education and occupational prestige
\_\_\_\_\_\_ are pople who think of themselves as belonging together and who interact with one another. A. categories B. groups C. Primary categories D. aggregates
B Groups
A formal organization with a hierarchy of authority, impersonality of positions, and written down procedures is A. a bureaucracy B the opposite of McDonaldization C. an example of goal displacement D a meritocracy
A a bureaucracy
\_\_\_\_\_ is the violation of norms A. negative sanction B deviance C social control D stigma
B Deviance
In what is known as a \_\_\_\_\_, people experience intimate, long term, face to face association and cooperation A. secondary group B. category C. primary group D. tertiary group
C. primary group
The term generalized other refers to A. our ideal of a perosn B. our perception of how people in general think of us C. role models D. the certainty that no one likes us
B our perception of how people in general think of us
\_\_\_\_\_ is the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative property, power and prestige. A Social stratification B. Bonded labor C. Ideaology D. Caste system
A. Social stratification
The total value of everything that someone owns, minus debts, is A. income B. property C wealth D. power
C. wealth
When workers identified with the interests of capitalists, Marx called it \_\_\_\_\_ class consciousness. A. false B misguided C. optimistic D. budding
A false
In \_\_\_\_ mobility, many people move up the social class ladder, and many move down, with the social class system showing little change A. downward B. structural C. exchange D. upward
C. exchange
The corners in life that people occupy because of their place in a society are referred to as A. social location B. social affiliation C. social empowerment D. dominant groups
A social location
The language, belief, values, norms and behaviors passed from one generation to the next make up a group's A. identity B. ethnocentrism C. culture D. material culture
C. culture