Chapter 3

Question 1

The entire human environment including interaction with others.

Answer 1

Social environment

Question 2

Childrens assumed to have been raised by animals in the wilderness, isolated from humans.

Answer 2

Feral Children

Question 3

The process by which people learn the characteristics of their group;. The knowledge skills, attitudes, values, norms, and actions thought appropriate for them.

Answer 3

Socialization

Question 4

The unique human capacity of being able to see ourselves from the outside. The views we internalize of how we think others see us.

Answer 4

Self

Question 5

Term coined by Charles Horton Cooley to refer to the process by which our self develops through internalizing others reactions to us.

Answer 5

Looking glass self

Question 6

Taking the role of the other means what?

Answer 6

Putting yourself in someone else’s shoes. Understanding how someone else feels and thinks, so you anticipate how that person will act.

Question 7

What is a significant other?

Answer 7

Someone who significantly influences someone else.

Question 8

The norms values, attitudes and expectations of people in general. The Childs’ ability to take the role of the generalized other is a significant step in the development of a self.

Answer 8

Generalized other or perception of how people think of us.

Question 9

What are the 3 stages of taking the role of the other? Who was the interactionist that taught this perspective?

Answer 9

George Herbert Mead

1. Imitation-under age 3. Mimicking parents, family
2. Play- ages 3-6. Pretending to be other people. Superhero, animal, etc.
3. Team games- School age. Learning others roles and anticipate the their next move. Baseball

Question 10

Who studied the Development of reasoning?

Answer 10

Jean Piaget

Question 11

Freuds term for our inborn basic drives.

Answer 11

I’d

Question 12

Freud’s term for a balancing force between the I’d and the demands of society.

Answer 12

Ego

Question 13

Freuds term for the conscience, the internalized norms and values of our social groups.

Answer 13

Superego

Question 14

The behaviors and attitudes that a society considers proper for its males an females; masculinity or feminity.

Answer 14

Gender

Question 15

Learning society’s gender map. The paths in life set out for us because we are male or female.

Answer 15

Gender socialization

Question 16

A group of individuals, often of roughly the same age, who are linked by common interests and orientations.

Answer 16

Peer group

Question 17

Forms of communication such as radio newspapers and television that are directed to mass audiences.

Answer 17

Mass media

Question 18

A social condition in which privileges and obligations are given to some but denied to others.

Answer 18

Social inequality

Question 19

Agents of socialization are

Answer 19

Family, neighborhood, religion, day care, school, peer groups and the workplace.

Question 20

The intended beneficial consequences of people’s actions.

Answer 20

Manifest functions.

Question 21

Unintended beneficial consequences of people’s actions.

Answer 21

Latent functions.

Question 22

The process of learning in advance an anticipated future role or status.

Answer 22

Anticipatory socialization

Question 23

The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes and behaviors.

Answer 23

Resocialization

Question 24

Place that is almost totally controlled by those who run it, in which people are cut off from the rest of society and the society is mostly cut off from them.

Answer 24

Total institution

Question 25

A term coined by Harold Garfinkel to refer to a ritual whose goal is to remake someone’s self by stripping away that individual’s self identity and stamping a new identity in its place.

Answer 25

Degradation ceremony

Question 26

The stages of our life as we go from birth to death.

Answer 26

Life course

Question 27

A term that refers to a period following high school when young adults have not yet taken on the responsibilities ordinarily associated with adulthood; adultolescence

Answer 27

Transitional adulthood

Question 28

An emerging stage of the life course between retirement and when people are considered old; age 65-74

Answer 28

Transitional older years.