Chapter 1

Question 1

Understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context.

Answer 1

Sociological perspective

Question 2

The group memberships that people have because of their location in history and society.

Answer 2

Social location

Question 3

People who share a culture and a territory.

Answer 3

Society

Question 4

The scientific study of society and human behavior

Answer 4

Sociology

Question 5

Fathers of Sociology. (3 men are credited)

Answer 5

1. Emile Durkheim-functionalist perspective. Study of suicide. (Social integration)
2. Karl Marx-Class Conflict (power groups) Bourgeoisie(capitalist) or Proletariat (workers)
3. Max Weber-Work ethic, religion and the origin of capitalism.

Question 6

A general thought or statement.

Answer 6

Theory

Question 7

Had a large effect of turning focus to theory.

Answer 7

Talcott Parsons

Question 8

3 basic types of sociology.

Answer 8

Basic or pure- purpose of making discoveries about life in human groups. (Knowledge)
Applied- the use of sociology to solve problems
Public- applying sociology for the public good

Question 9

Major perspectives

Answer 9

1. Symbolic interaction-microsociological. Symbols that people use to establish meaning. Symbols interaction meanings definition.
2. Functional analysis-macrosociological. splitting into various parts, each with a function that when fulfilled contributes to society’s whole. Structure functions dysfunctions equilibrium
   (Manifest and latent)
3. Conflict Theory- macrosociological. Competition in resources in groups in a society. Power to control the weaker groups. Inequality power conflict competition exploitation. Bourgeoise are capitalists, Proletariat are workers
4. Feminist perspective- subgroup of conflict theory. Gender conflict differentials.

Question 10

What are the steps to the basic research model.

Answer 10

1. Select a topic.
2. Define the problem- form a question. What where why how when.
3. Review the literature- Research (written information)
4. Formulate a Hypothesis- what you expect the answer to be. An informed guess.
5. Research Method-Decide how you will collect data.
6. Collect Data- validity, definitions must measure what they are intended to measure.
7. Analyze the results-Thinking about what the data means. Logical explanation, conclusion
8. Share results- allows others to evaluate, duplicate invalidate etc.

Question 11

Types of research methods.

Answer 11

1. Surveys- the collection of data by having people answer a series of questions.
2. Participation observation- the researcher participates in a research setting while observing what is happening in that setting.
3. Case study- an intensive analysis of a single event, situation or individual.
4. Secondary analysis- analyze data that someone else has already collected
5. Analysis of documents- recorded sources
6. Experiment- the group of subjects in an experiment who are exposed to the independent variable.
7. Obtrusive measures- ways of observing people so they do not know they are being studied.
8. Globalization of capitalism- becoming the globes’ dominant economic system.