FF Drogas: Anti-Hypertensives Flashcards
Most Common Loop Diuretic?
Lasix - Furosemide
Mechanism of Action of Lasix
- Inhibition of reabsorption of water and electrolytes from the loop Henle
General conditions in which diuretics would be utilized?
- HTN
- CHF
- Edema
- Pulmonary Edema
Side Effects of Loop Diuretics: Electrolyte Changes
- Hypokalemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hyponatremia
Side Effects of Loop Diuretics: HR
Reflex Tachycardia; increased HR
Side Effects of Loop Diuretics: effects of decreased fluids
- OH
- Dizziness
- Dehydration
- Lethargy
What is an example of a Potassium Sparing Diuretic?
Spironolactone
- “Lactone”
Why might a potassium sparing diuretic be used?
When a patient has a high risk of hypokalemia
Adverse effects of Potassium Sparing Diuretics?
Similar to Loop Diuretics
+ Hyperkalemia
+ Gynecomastia
Main Thiazide Diuretic?
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
Populations/conditions to avoid the use of Thiazide Diuretics?
- DM
- Renal Dysfunction
- Elderly
- Gout
What is Sparred with the used of Thiazide Diuretics?
CLUG:
- Calcium
- Lipids
- UREA
- Glucose
Thus leads to Hypercalcemia, Hyperuricemia, Hyperlipidemia
- similar side effects to a loop diuretic
ACE Inhibitors; Drugs
A-“PRILS”
- Captopril
- Enalapril
- Lisinopril
Mechanism of Ace Inhibitors?
Blocks Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
- Therefore preventing the formation of Aldosterone
Function of Aldosterone?
Retention of Na and Water and Kicks out Potassium
Function of Angiotensin II?
Vasoconstriction of Blood Vessels
Conditions in Which ACE inhibitors are used?
- CHF
- HTN
Side Effects of Ace Inhibitors
- OH
- Hyponatremia
- Hyperkalemia
- Dry Hacking Cough
- Angioedema
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs); Drugs
“SARTANS”
- Losartan
- Telmisartan
- Candesartan
Function of ARBs?
- Decrease BP
Main Difference between ACE inhibitors and ARBs
Both will have similar side effects including hyperkalemia
ARBS will not cause a dry hacking cough
