Evidence Based Practice: Reliability, Validity, Sensitivity/Specificity Error, Flashcards

1
Q

What is Reliability?

A

The consistency of an instrument or measure.

  • Extent of a research instrument to consistently have the same results when used in the same situation on repeated occasions.
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2
Q

What is Intra-Rater Reliability?

A

Test performed by 1 person several times

  • Consistency of result when measured by the same person
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3
Q

What is Inter-Rater Reliability?

A

Test performed by 2 or more individuals, testing for one variable

  • Consistency of Results when measured by different graders
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4
Q

What is Test-Retest Reliability?

A

Same test on the same individual on two separate occasions

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5
Q

What is Validity?

A
  • Extent to which the instrument used measures exactly what it is supposed to measure
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6
Q

Relationship between validity and reliability?

A

Measurement can be reliable without being valid.

However

Validity is associated with consistency, therefore must also be reliable (to be valid it must be reliable)

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7
Q

What is Content Validity?

A

Extent to which a test accurately assesses what it is supposed to assess.

  • Testing fall risk, therefore a test should be used to test balance such as the TUG
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8
Q

What is Construct Reliability?

A

Test should measure what it is supposed to measure

  • Goniometer should measure ROM only, nothing else
  • “Construction = Tools”
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9
Q

What is Concurrent Validity?

A

Test performed and compared to the GOLD standard.

  • Heart rate measured by peripheral pulses compared with ECG readings
  • Lachman’s test and MRI
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10
Q

What is Face Validity?

A

What the test APPEARS to measure

  • Does not consider gold standard
  • Such as a survey
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11
Q

What is a Type 1 Error?

A

False Positive:

  • Incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis.
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12
Q

What is a Type II Error?

A

False Negative:

  • Failing to reject a false null hypothesis.
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13
Q

What is Null Hypothesis?

A

Proposes that there is no statistical significance exists between variable/populations.

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14
Q

What is Sensitivity?

A

Helps in ruling conditions “out” (SnOut)

  • Sensitive Negative; Rule OUT
  • Highly sensitive test has few false negatives
  • If the Hawkins-Kennedy test is negative then we can rule out the condition.
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15
Q

What is Specificity?

A

Helps in ruling conditions “in” (Spin)

  • Specific Positive; Ruling In
  • Highly specific test: Few False Positives
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