Drugs (Blood Pressure & HR) Flashcards
Desired effects of Beta Blockers?
- Reduce tachycardia
- Reduce Palpitations
- Arrhythmias
- Vasoconstriction of Coronary Vessels
- Reduce BP
Conditions in which Beta-Blockers are used for?
- CHF
- HTN
- Angina
- Hyperthyroidism
- Anxiety
Effects of Beta-Blockers on Exercise?
Increase Exercise Capacity
Conditions in which Beta-Blockers are Contraindicated?
Asthma and COPD
- Worsen symptoms by increasing bronchoconstriction; decrease activity of the SNS
Propranolol and Oxprenolol are both example of what type of drug?
Beta-Blockers (drugs that end in “OL”)
Sectral is an example of what kind of drug?
Beta-Blocker
Side Effects of Beta Blockers?
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Upset-Stomach; Constipation or Diarrhea
- SOB and Dizziness
Desired Effects of Diuretics?
- Anti-HTN
- Decrease LE Edema
- SOB
- CHF
How are diuretics beneficial for CHF?
- Reduces preload and afterload, overall reducing workload of the heart
Most Common Loop Diuretic?
Lasix - Furosemide
What drug type is Spironolactone? Why would we specifically choose this drug over another?
“Spi-Spare” - ALDACTONE
- Potassium SPARING diuretic, used when hypokalemia is a problem
Most common Thiazide Diuretic?
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
Side Effects of Diuretics?
- Dizziness
- Lightheadedness
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Muscle Cramps and Weakness
- Dehydration
Side effects on electrolytes of Thiazide Diuretics?
- Hypokalemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyponatremia
How can Thiazide Diuretics affects LDL levels?
Can increase LDL levels
Side effects on electrolytes on Loop Diuretics?
- Hyperuricemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
Function of Vasopressin?
Anti-Diuretic; retain waters, constricts blood vessels
Side Effects of Antidiuretics
- Increase BP leading to HTN
- CHF and Edema
Function of Aldosterone?
ANTIDIURETIC
For Sodium (Na+) Retention
- Raise BP
Desired Effects of Digitalis AKA Digoxin?
- Increase force/strength of contractility of the ventricles of the heart.
- Increases SV
- Decrease duration of contraction of the ventricles
ECG findings of Digitalis AKA Digoxin?
- Depressed ST segments
- Shortened QT interval
- Flattened T Wave
- Lengthened PR interval
Heart Condition Digitalis AKA Digoxin is used in?
CHF
Side effects of Digitalis AKA Digoxin?
- Arrythmias
- Palpitations
- Fatigue and Weakness (due to increase strength of contraction
Signs and Symptoms of Digoxin Toxicity?
Gi Disturbances
Loss of Appetite
Confusion
Blurred Vision
Desired Effects of Calcium Antagonists; Calcium Channel Blockers?
- Decrease force of contraction
- Vasodilation of Coronary Vessels
- Anginal Pain
- Anti HTN
Drugs classified as calcium Antagonists?
Drugs ending with “pine”
- Amlodipine
- Nifedipine
Drugs ending with “zem”
- Cardizem
- Diltiazem
Side effects of Calcium Antagonists?
- Lightheadedness
- Headache
- N/V
- OH
- Weakness or Tiredness
Drugs used in treatment for abnormal heart rhythms?
Anti-Arrythmic Drug:
- Quinidine
(A-fib, Atrial Flutter, Ventricular Arrythmias, Paroxysmal Ventricular Tachycardia)
Digoxin negative effects on potassium?
Hypokalemia
Function of Nitrates?
For Angina Pectoris
- Decreases preload through peripheral vasodilation
- Coronary artery vasodilation
- Reduce myocardial oxygen demand
Side effects of nitrates?
- Dizziness; Lightheadedness
- Headache
- Reflexive Tachycardia
