Fetus Flashcards

1
Q

What is associated with increased AFP

A

RAIN

Renal (nephrosis, renal agenesis, polycystic kidney)
Abdominal wall defect
Incorrect dating/ multiple gestation
Neuro (anencephaly and spina bífida)

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2
Q

Why does the non stress test measure

A

Fetal autonomic nervous system integrity

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3
Q

What does the stress test measure

A

Uteroplacental insufficiency and tolerance of labor

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4
Q

Components of the biophysical profile

A
Fetal movement 
Reactive HR
Breathing 
Tone 
Volume of amniotic fluid
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5
Q

The risk of RDS is increased with

A

Infants of diabetic mother
C section delivery
Birth asphyxia

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6
Q

The risk of RDS is decreased with

A

Prolonged rupture of membranes

Prenatally administered steroids

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7
Q

Weight for LGA and SGA babies

A

LGA > 3900g

SGA< 2500g

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8
Q

Exam findings on a post term baby

A

2 wks past 40 is post term

Dry skin that is peeling, long fingernails, decreased lanugo on the back, ears have strong recoil.

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9
Q

Long term complication of NEC

A

Intestinal strictures

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10
Q

What reduces the incidence of neonatal jaundice

A

Maternal heroin use
Smoking, alcohol
Phenobarbital and phenytoin

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11
Q

When does breast milk jaundice vs breastfeeding jaundice present

A

Breast milk - 6th to 14th day and can persist for 1-3 months

Breastfeeding - first days of life.

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12
Q

When does physiologic jaundice present

A

Day 2-5 peaks day 3. May last 1 week.

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13
Q

Factors that worsen neonatal jaundice

A

Sulfonamides because they bind albumin so less bili bound to albumin, severe acidosis for same reason.

PDA because blood shunted away fro liver resulting in decreased metabolism

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14
Q

Causes of indirect hyperbili

A

LIE and GLOW

Lysed blood cells (hemolysis, defect of red cell metabolism, isoimmunization)

Increased

Enterohepatic circulation (obstruction, pyloric stenosis, meconium ileus, ileus, hirshsprung) / endocrine (hypothyroid, hypopituitarism)

GIlbert disease

Lucy Driscoll syndrome

bOth direct and indirect (galactosemia, tyrosinosis, hypermethioninemia, CF)

Wasted blood (petechia, hematomas, hemorrhage, cephalohematoma, swallowed maternal blood)

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15
Q

Normal fetal scalp pH

A

> 7.25

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16
Q

What are infants of diabetic mothers at risk for

A

Hypoglycemia
Polycythemia
Hypoplastic left colon

17
Q

Lab findings associated with polycythemia in a newborn

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

Hypoglycemia

18
Q

Grading of IVH

A

Grade 1 - germinal matrix
Grade 2- IVH without dilation
Grade 3- IVH with dilation
Grade 4- all + parenchyma involvement

19
Q

Risk factor for the newborn in mother taking terbutaline (beta adrenergic) for tocolysis

A

Hyperinsulinism

20
Q

Maternal Cocaine use effects in newborn

A

Cerebral infarction, limb anomalies, urogenital defects

Increased risk for placental abruption