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laughing your way peds > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Buzz words (3) for neonatal herpes

A
  • clustered or grouped vesicles on an erythemarous base
  • multinucleated giant cells
  • eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions
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2
Q

Buzz words (3) for transient neonatal pustular Melanosis

A
  • multiple pustules, brown macules, vesicles and pustules on a NON erythematous base
  • PMNs WITHOUT bacteria
  • present at birth

Staphylococcus would have pmns with bacteria

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3
Q

What are the foods known to trigger eczema? (5)

A

Milk, eggs, soy, wheat, peanuts

Without allergy testing it is not recommended to eliminate the food.

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4
Q

Inflamed eczema that doesn’t respond to steroids or antibiotics would make you consider what diagnosis?

A

Eczema herpeticum

  • vesicles, punched out lesions and crusted erosions are buzz words
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5
Q

Eczema in an immunocompromised patient would make you think of?

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome or hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

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6
Q

What 2 things are typical examples that cause allergic contact dermatitis?

A

Jewelry and poison ivy

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7
Q

This is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction that requires multiple exposures.

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

Vs. irritant there is no delay.

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8
Q

What type of reaction is poison ivy?

A

Type 4

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9
Q

Myths of poison ivy dispelled

A
  • exposure during the winter CAN cause a rash
  • exposure to aerosolized poison ivy CAN cause a rash
  • fluid from vesicles does NOT spread rash
  • rash is NOT contagious
  • NO desensitization treatments available
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10
Q

What is the auspitz sign and which which condition?

A

When plaques come off and leave behind bleeding spots the size of pins.

Psoriasis

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11
Q

What is the treatment for Ichthyosis vulgaris?

A

Keratokytic agents like ammonium lactate. Also alpha hydroxy acid and urea containing emollients.

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12
Q

Buzz word for granuloma annulare?

A
  • NON-SCALING! Annular lesión without epidermal involvement.
  • skin is intact
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13
Q

Buzzword for staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

A

Separation of the skin in sheets

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14
Q

What are the triggers (2) for erythema multiforme minor?

A

HSV and medications

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15
Q

How is the rash from erythema multiforme major (aka Steven Johnson)

A

Similar to EM minor (target lesions) but spreads more quickly and progresses to involve mucous membranes.

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16
Q

What medications trigger erythema multiforme major?

A

Sulfa drugs, anticonvulsants and nsaids

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17
Q

How do you distinguish staph scalded skin from toxic epidermal necrolysis?

A

Biopsy
TEN involves the dermis

TEN usually older children

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18
Q

Buzz words for pyoderma gangrenosum

A

Boggy and blue ulcers with a necrotic base

19
Q

What is erythema chronicum migrans

A

Associated with Lyme disease. Bulls eye rash.

20
Q

What is erythema marginatum

A

Associated with rheumatic fever. Erythematous macule on the trunk that clears centrally.

21
Q

Treatment for scabies

A

Permethrin 5%

22
Q

What’s a clinical sign consistent with pubic lice

A

Maculae caerulae - blue-gray macules on the abdomen or inner thigh

23
Q

Thx for crabs in the eyelashes

A

Petroleum jelly

24
Q

How is papular urticaria different from scabies

A

Papular urticaria will be clustered eruthematous papules whereas scabies they will be linear not clustered.

Also no family members affected with papular urticaria

25
Q

What are the types of non inflammatory acne

A 
Closed comedones (whiteheads)
Open comedones (blackheads)
26
Q

“Acne” that is unresponsive to tx would make you think of?

A

Adenoma sebaceum (angiofibroma)

27
Q

What medications can lead to acne?

A

Steroids, phenobarbital and phenytoin

28
Q

What are side effects of isotretinoin

A

Dry lips, dry skin, dry eyes, nosebleeds and headaches

29
Q

What other physical finding will you see in a pt with alopecia areata

A

Nail pitting

30
Q

What should patients with urticaria pigmentosa avoid?

A

Narcotic pain reliever, nsaids, aspirin, radiocontrast material

Because they release histamine **

31
Q

Treatment for tinea versicolor

A

Astringent or topical antifungal

May use oral ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole. Topical selenium sulfide

32
Q

What are the stages of the rash for incontinente pigmenti

A
  • blistering rash at birth: erythematous papules and vesicles in crops along the lines of blaschko that last 1-2 wks
  • swirls of warty growths
  • hyperpigmentation in a marble cake pattern in childhood
  • hypopigmentation in adulthood
  • pts may also have hair loss and eye/dental abnormalities
33
Q

How is incontinenta pigmenti inherited

A

X linked dominant

34
Q

In which side is glaucoma in pts with strurge Webber associated? Seizures?

A

Glaucoma - on same side as the port wine stain. Seizures on the contralateral side.

35
Q

Criteria for NF1 (8)? How many are required for diagnosis?

A
  • 6 or more cafe au lait spots >5mm wide
  • lisch nodules
  • neurofibromas
  • optic nerve glioma
  • inguinal and axillary freckling
  • bony defects
  • FMH if NF1 (first degree)

2

36
Q

Inheritance pattern of NF1

A

Autosomal dominant on chromosome 17

37
Q

What are associated conditions for kids with NF1 and what must you monitor?

A

Pheochromocytoma and renal artery stenosis. Monitor for hypertension.

38
Q

Inheritance of NF2

A

Autosomal dominant in chromosome 22

39
Q

Presentation of NF2

A

Hearing loss or tinnitus due to acoustic neuromas (schwannoma). May also present with ocular symptoms due to cataracts or hamartomas of the retina.

40
Q

Criteria for tuberous sclerosis (8). How many required for diagnosis?

A
  • more than 3 ash leaf spots
  • periventricular/cortical tubers (present as seizure)
  • sebaceous glands hyperplasia (adenomas described or shown in face do not confuse with acne)
  • shagreen patch (orange peel appearing skin)
  • sub/periungal fibroma
  • cardiac rhabdomyoma
  • retinal modular hamartomas
  • renal angiomyolipoma

2

41
Q

What is kasabach-merritt syndrome

A

Hemangioma that enlarged rapidly due to sequestration of platelets. Results in low platelet count and bleeding.

42
Q

What is darier sign and what condition is it associated with

A

Rubbing causes hives or bullae. Mastocytosis (urticaria pigmentosa)

43
Q

Risk factors for melanoma development in pediatric patients

A

White race, female gender, adolescent age group, immunodeficiency, solid organ transplant, childhood malignancy, the presence of xeroderma pigmentosum, dysplastic nevi, many melanocytic nevi, family history of melanoma.

laughing your way peds (26 decks)

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