Fetal Development Flashcards
Hemopoiesis =
at week 6
Fetal Heart Rate =
starts at week 3
2 Heart Chambers =
at 3-4 weeks
4 Heart Chambers =
at 4-6 weeks
Veins =
gives O2 and nutrients
Artery =
helps excrete toxins
How many umbilical arteries?
2
How many umbilical veins?
1
When do most women find out they are pregnant?
at 4-6 weeks
When can you see FHR on the monitor?
at 5 1/2 to 6 weeks after gestation
Ovulation =
14 days before period
ex: LMP on 28th minus 14 days = 14th of the month was when ovulation was
What weeks fall under the embryonic stage?
3 week
4 week
5 week
8 week
What weeks fall under fetal stage?
9 week
12 week
16 week
20 week
24 week
28 week
32 week
36 week
40 week
heart starts beating and blood circulates
3 weeks
2 chambers form; a 4 chamber heart
respiratory system begins
4 weeks
umbilical cord developed
5 weeks
gender distinguished
8 weeks
finger, toes, eyelids, and jaw evident
9 weeks
placenta complete
organ system complete
thumb sucking
fetus voids in amniotic fluid (11 wks)
12 weeks
meconium in bowel
16 weeks
hearing developed
quickening (mom feels FM)
lanugo covers the body
wake/sleep cycle evident
20 weeks
circulation visible
rapid brain growth
hiccups
vernix caseosa = thick
lecithin (L) present
24 weeks
eyes open and close
process site and sound
taste buds developed
hair on head
28 weeks
fingernails, toenails, and fingerprints evident
SubQ fat develops
vigorous FM
L/S ratio = 1:2:1 (lung maturity = 2:1)
32 weeks
lanugo disappearing
amniotic fluid decreases
L/S ratio = 2:1
36 weeks
fetal development complete!
40 weeks
allows most oxygenated blood go to brain
shunts
shunts around the liver… placenta does the work of the liver for the fetus. shunts blood around the liver
Ductus Venous
right to left shunt… blood transfers from right atrium thru this to the left atrium. allows blood to flow directly from the R to L atrium
Foramen Ovale
shunts blood around lungs… just enough to keep viable! create a circulatory pathway bypassing the lungs.
Ductus Arteriosus
circulatory system =
1st system to develop
because the fetal lungs do not function for respiratory gas exchange, a special circulatory pathway is necessary
before birth…
O2 taken to and from placenta
after birth…
placenta is cut off and O2 transferred normally through body
Fetal circulation allows the highest level of ______ and _________ not head, neck, and arms which enhance the ______________________ (head –> rump) development of the embryo/fetus
O2
nutrients
cephalocaudal
substance/exposure causing abnormal development; results in structural or functional disabilities
Teratogens
What are some examples of teratogens?
- androgens
- angiotensin converting enzyme
- cig. smoke
- cocaine
- coumarin
- cytomegalovirus
- diethylstilbestrol
- ethanol ( > 1 drink/day)
- iodides
- lead
- lithium
- mercury
- parvovirus
- phenytoin
- rubella
- syphilis
- tetracycline
- thalidomide
- toxoplasmosis
- valolporic acid
- varicella
- zika
________________ secrete ________ to make sure that the corpus luteum remains viable.
Blastocyst
HCG
corpus luteum secretes _______ and _________ the first _________ months of pregnancy.
estrogen
progesterone
2-3
1st week of human development =
transport of embryo down uterine tube and into uterus
____________ ___________ replication (cleavage) occurs as baby (zygote) is propelled towards the ________.
Mitotic
Cellular
Uterus
morula =
16 cells
trophoblast =
outer layer of cells
blastocyst =
inner layer of cells – baby
ovum =
conception –> 14 days
embryo =
day 15 –> 8 weeks (organ forming & greatest vulnerability)
fetus =
8 weeks –> birth
surrounds the fetus in womb and protects fetus from injury and temperature change, permits musculoskeletal development
amniotic fluid
structure containing blood vessels and attach fetus to the placenta during gestation
umbilical cord
organ nourishing and maintaining the fetus through the umbilical cord
placenta
a test of fetal amniotic fluid to assess for fetal Lum immaturity
surfactant L/S ratio
a greasy deposit covering the skin of a baby @ birth
Vernix
a pasty covering of dead cells and sebaceous secretions that protect the skin of the fetus
Caseosa
fine, soft hair covers body and limbs of a fetus
Lanugo
