Female Reproductive System

Question 1

adnexae uteri

Answer 1

Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments.

Question 2

amnion

Answer 2

innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

Question 3

areola

Answer 3

dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

Question 4

Bartholin glands

Answer 4

Small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice (opening to outside of the body).

Question 5

cervix

Answer 5

lower, neck-like potion of the uterus

Question 6

chorion

Answer 6

• outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo
• forms the fetal part of the placenta

Question 7

clitoris

Answer 7

organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra

Question 8

coitus

Answer 8

sexual intercourse; copulation

Question 9

corpus luteum

Answer 9

empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell

Question 10

cul-de-sac

Answer 10

region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus

Question 11

embryo

Answer 11

stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

Question 12

endometrium

Answer 12

inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

Question 13

estrogen

Answer 13

• hormone produced by the ovaries

- promotes female secondary sex characteristics

Question 14

fallopian tube

Answer 14

aka. an oviduct

- 1 of 2 ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus

Question 15

fertilization

Answer 15

union of the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops

Question 16

fetus

Answer 16

stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39/40 weeks

Question 17

sg. fimbria

pl. fimbriae

Answer 17

finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes

Question 18

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 18

secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum)

Question 19

gamete

Answer 19

male or female sexual reproductive cell

- sperm cell or ovum

Question 20

genitalia

Answer 20

reproductive organs

Question 21

gestation

Answer 21

period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

Question 22

gonad

Answer 22

• ovary or testies

- female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones

Question 23

gynecology

Answer 23

study of the female reproductive organs including the breasts

Question 24

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 24

hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating (-tropin) the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 25

hymen

Answer 25

mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

Question 26

labia

Answer 26

lips of the vagina

- labia majora are the larger, outermost lips, and labia minora are the smaller, innermost lips

Question 27

lactiferous ducts

Answer 27

tubes that carry milk within the breast

Question 28

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 28

secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

Question 29

mammary papilla

Answer 29

nipple of the breast

a papilla is any small nipple-shaped projection

Question 30

menarche

Answer 30

beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce

Question 31

menopause

Answer 31

gradual ending of menstruation

Question 32

menstruation

Answer 32

• monthly shedding of the uterine lining

- flow of blood and tissue normally discharged during menstruation is called the “menses”

Question 33

myometrium

Answer 33

muscle layer of the uterus

Question 34

neonatology

Answer 34

branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate)

Question 35

obstetrics

Answer 35

branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth

Question 36

orifice

Answer 36

an opening

Question 37

ovarian follicle

Answer 37

• developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary

- only about 400 of these sacs mature in a woman’s lifetime

Question 38

ovary

Answer 38

• one of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis
• almond-shaped, about the size of large walnuts
• produce egg cells (ova) and hormones

Question 39

ovulation

Answer 39

release of the ovum from the ovary

Question 40

sg. ovum

pl. ova

Answer 40

• mature egg cell (female gamete)

- ova develop from immature egg cells called oocytes

Question 41

parturition

Answer 41

the act of giving birth

Question 42

perineum

Answer 42

in females, the area between the anus and the vagina

Question 43

pituitary gland

Answer 43

• endocrine gland at the base of the brain
• produces hormones that stimulate the ovaries
• also regulates other endocrine organs

Question 44

placenta

Answer 44

• vascular organ attached to the uterine wall during pregnancy
• permits the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus

Question 45

pregnancy

Answer 45

condition in a female of having a developing embryo and fetus in her uterus for about 40 weeks

Question 46

progesterone

Answer 46

hormone produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of pregnant women

Question 47

puberty

Answer 47

point in the life cycle at which secondary sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced

Question 48

uterine serosa

Answer 48

outermost layer surrounding the uterus

Question 49

uterus

Answer 49

hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop, and form which menstruation occurs

• upper portion is the fundus
• middle portion is the corpus
• lowermost, neck-like portion is the cervix

Question 50

vagina

Answer 50

muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

Question 51

vulva

Answer 51

• external female genitalia

- includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice

Question 52

zygote

Answer 52

stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation up to 2 weeks