Abbreviations Flashcards
1
Q
alk phos
A
alkaline phosphatase
- enzyme that may be elevated in patients with liver, bone, and other diseases.
2
Q
ALT, AST
A
alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase
- enzymes measured to evaluate liver function
3
Q
BE
A
barium enema
- used for x-ray images of the gastrointestinal series
4
Q
BM
A
bowel movement
5
Q
BRBPR
A
bright red blood per rectum
- hematochezia
6
Q
CD
A
celiac disease
- Disorder of inability of intestines to absorb wheat proteins.
7
Q
CT
A
computed tomography
- A radiographic procedure that produces computerized images representing cross-sectional slices of tissue structure; a painless, noninvasive technique that is 100 times more sensitive than conventional radiography.
8
Q
EGD
A
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
9
Q
ERCP
A
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
10
Q
EUS
A
endoscopic ultrasonography
11
Q
FOBT
A
fecal occult blood test
12
Q
G tube
A
gastrostomy tube; aka stomach tube, and PEG tube
- used to introduce nutrients into the stomach after insertion through the abdominal wall with laparoscopic instruments
13
Q
GB
A
gallbladder
14
Q
GERD
A
gastroesophageal reflux disease
15
Q
GI
A
gastrointestinal
16
Q
HBV
A
hepatitis B virus
17
Q
IBD
A
inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis)
18
Q
LAC
A
laparoscopic-assisted colectomy
19
Q
LFTs
A
liver function tests
alk phos, bilirubin, AST, ALT
20
Q
MRI
A
magnetic resonance imaging
21
Q
NG tube
A
nasogastric tube
22
Q
NPO
A
nothing by mouth
Latin “nil per os”
23
Q
PEG tube
A
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
feeding tube
24
Q
PEJ tube
A
percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube
feeding tube
25
PTHC
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
26
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
27
TPN
total parenteral nutrition
- intravenous TPN solutions typically contain sugar (dextrose), proteins (amino acids), electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride), and vitamins
28
T tube
tube placed in the bile duct for drainage into a small pouch (bile bag) on the outside of the body
29
ADH
antidiuretic hormone - vasopressin
30
AKI
acute renal injury
31
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
32
CAPD
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
33
CKD
chronic kidney disease - a condition during which serum creatinine and BUN levels rise, which may result in impairment of all body systems
34
Cl-
chloride
| - an electrolyte excreted by the kidney
35
CrCl
creatinine clearance
36
CRF
chronic renal failure
| - progressive loss of kidney function
37
C & S
culture and sensitivity testing
| - to determine antibiotic effectiveness against bacteria grown from a patient's urine specimen
38
cysto
cystoscopic examination
39
eGFR
estimated glomerular filtration rate
40
ESWL
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
41
HCO3-
bicarbonate
| - an electrolyte conserved by the kidney
42
HD
hemodialysis
43
IC
interstitial cystitis
- chronic inflammation of the bladder wall; not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy
44
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
45
K+
potassium
| - an electrolyte
46
KUB
kidney, ureter, and bladder
47
Na+
sodium
| - an electrolyte
48
PD
peritoneal dialysis
49
pH
potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinty
50
PKD
polycystic kidney disease
51
PUL
percutaneous ultrasound lithotripsy
52
RP
retrograde pyelography
53
sp gr
specific gravity
54
UA
urinalysis
55
UTI
urinary tract infection
56
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
57
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia (also called benign prostatic hypertrophy)
58
DRE
digital rectal examination
59
ED
erectile dysfunction
60
GU
genitourinary
61
HPV
human papillomavirus
62
HSV
herpes simplex virus
63
NSU
nonspecific urethritis (not due to gonorrhea or chlamydial infection)
64
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
65
PIN
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia; a precursor of prostate cancer
66
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
67
PVP
photoselective vaporization of the prostate; GreenLight PVP
68
RPR
rapid plasma reagin [test]; a test for syphilis
69
STD
sexually transmitted disease
70
STI
sexually transmitted infection
71
TRUS
transrectal ultrasound [examination]; test to assess the prostate and guide precise placement of a biopsy needle
72
TUIP
transurethral incision of the prostate; successful in less enlarged prostates and less invasive than TURP
73
TUMT
transurethral microwave thermotherapy
74
TUNA
transurethral needle ablation; radiofrequency energy destroys prostate tissue
75
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
76
AD
Alzheimer disease
77
AFP
alpha-fetoprotein
- elevated levels in amniotic fluid and maternal blood are associated with congenital malformations of the nervous system, such as anencephaly and spina bifida
78
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, aka. Lou Gehrig disease
79
AVM
arteriovenous malformation
| - congenital tangle of arteries and veins in the cerebrum
80
BBB (nervous system)
blood-brain barrier
81
CNS
central nervous system
82
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
83
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
84
EEG
electroencephalography
85
GABA
gamma-aminobutyric acid (neurotransmitter)
86
ICP
intracranial pressure
| - normal pressure is 5 to 15 mm Hg
87
LP
lumbar puncture
88
MAC
monitored anesthetic care
89
MG
myasthenia gravis
90
MRA
magnetic resonance angiography
91
MS
multiple sclerosis
92
1/2P
hemiparesis
93
PCA
patient-controlled analgesia
94
PET
positron emission tomography
95
PNS
peripheral nervous system
96
PSRS
proton stereotactic radiosurgery
97
Sz
seizure
98
TBI
traumatic brain injury
99
TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
| - technique using a battery-powered device to relieve acute and chronic pain
100
TIA
transient ischemic attack
| - temporary interference with the blood supply to the brain
101
tPA
tissue plasminogen activator
| - a clot-dissolving drug used as therapy for stroke
102
TLE
temporal lobe epilepsy
103
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
104
ACE inhibitor
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
105
ACLS
advanced cardiac life support
| - CPR plus drugs and defibrillation
106
ACS
acute coronary syndrome
107
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
| - ADP blockers are used to prevent cardiovasular-related death, heart attack, and strokes and after all stent procedures
108
AED
automatic external defibrillator
109
AF, a-fib
atrial fibrillation
110
AICD
automatic implantable cardioverter-debibrillator
111
AMI
acute myocardial infarction
112
ARVD
arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
113
AS
aortic stenosis
114
ASD
atrial septal defect
115
AV, A-V
atrioventricular
116
AVR
aortic valve replacement
117
BBB (cardiovascular system)
bundle branch block
118
BNP
brain natriuretic peptide; elevated in congestive heart failure
119
BP
blood pressure
120
CABG
coronary artery bypass grafting
121
CAD
coronary artery disease
122
CCU
coronary care unit
123
Cath
catheterization
124
CHF
congestive heart failure
125
CK
creatine kinase
| - released into the bloodstream after injury to heart or skeletal muscules
126
CoA
coarctation of the aorta
127
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
128
CRT
cardiac resynchronization therapy; biventricular pacing
129
CTNI or cTnI
| CTNT or cTnT
cardia troponin-I and cardiac troponin-T
| - troponin is a protein released into the bloodstream after myocardial injury
130
DES
drug-eluting stent
131
DSA
digital subtraction angiography
132
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
133
ECMO
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
134
ECG (or EKG)
electrocardiography
135
ECHO
echocardiography
136
EF
ejection fraction
| - measure of the amount of blood that pumps out of the heart with each beat
137
EPS
electrophysiology study
- electrode catheters are inserted into veins and threaded into the heart and electrical conduction is measured (tachycardias are provoked and analyzed)
138
ETT
exercise tolerance test
139
ETT-MIBI
exercise tolerance test combined with a radioactive tracer (sestamibi) scan
140
EVAR
endovascular aneurysm repair
141
HDI
high-density lipoprotein
| - high blood levels are associated with lower incidence of coronary artery disease
142
HTN
hypertension (high blood pressure)
143
IABP
intra-aortic balloon pump
| - used to support patients in cardiogenic shock
144
ICD
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
145
LAD
left anterior descending (coronary artery)
146
LDL
low-density lipoprotein
147
LMWH
low-molecular-weight heparin
148
LV
left ventricle
149
LVAD
left ventricular assist device
150
LVH
left ventricular hypertrophy
151
MI
myocardial infarction
152
MUGA
multiple-gated acquisition scan
| - radioactive test of heart function
153
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
154
NSR
normal sinus rhythm
155
NSTEMI
non-ST elevation myocardial intarction
156
PAC
premature atrial contraction
157
PAD
peripheral arterial disease
158
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
159
PDA
patent ductus arteriosus; posterior descending artery
160
PE
pulmonary embolus
161
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
162
SA, S-A node
sinoatrial node
163
SCD
sudden cardiac death
164
SOB
shortness of breath
165
SPECT
single photon emission computed tomography
| - used for myocardial imaging with sestamibi scans
166
STEMI
ST elevation myocardial infarction
167
SVT
supraventricular tachycardia
| - rapid heartbeats arising from the atria and causing palpitations, SOB, and dizziness
168
TAVR
transcatheter aortic valve replacement
169
TEE
transesophageal echocardiography
170
TEVAR
thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair
171
TGA
transposition of the great arteries
172
tPA
tissue-type plasminogen activator
| - drug used to prevent thrombosis
173
UA
unstable angina
| - chest pain at rest or of increasing frequency
174
VF
ventricular fibrillation
175
VSD
ventricular septal defect
176
VT
ventricular tachycardia
177
WPW
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
| - abnormal ECG pattern often associated with paroxysmal tachycardia
