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neuro-psych > Feb 8notecards5555 > Flashcards

Feb 8notecards5555 Flashcards

1
Q

What is characterized by inappropriate behavior that causes problems in social relationships and school performance?

A

Oppositional Defiant disorder; very few symptoms are sometimes seen

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2
Q

What is characterized by acting out in inappropriate actions?

A

Conduct Disorder; violation of the rights of others

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3
Q

What kid was vindictiveness; argue with authority; annoys others; 6 months; lose temper?

A

Oppositional Defiant Disorder; criterion A

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4
Q

What is repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or rules are violated?

A

Aggression to people and Animals; initiates physical fights; used a weapon; conduct disorder

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5
Q

Conduct Disorder; criterion C; individual is age 18; criteria are not met for what?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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6
Q

Conduct disorder is an early onset and what is low?

A

IQ

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7
Q

What is the reduced response in regions of brain associated with antisocial behavior (amygdala; prefrontal cortex; and insula)?

A

Conduct disorder; less response in orbitofrontal regions during stimulus-reinforcement and reward task; likely to repeat

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8
Q

Where is there a grey-matter volume in amygdala; and reduced serotonin and cortisol levels; as well as reduced autonomic NS function?

A

Conduct Disorder

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9
Q

What is the most effective treatment for conduct disorder?

A

Family resources and community resources are most effective

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10
Q

ADHD must be present in how many settings?

A

Two settings

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11
Q

What two neurotransmitters have been most associated with ADHD?

A

Dopamine and Norepi

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12
Q

Associated with disorders; ADHD that effect brain function is what?

A

Learning disorder

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13
Q

ADHD and Antisocial personality disorder are more common in parents with what?

A

ADHD and general population

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14
Q

Children with ADHD show reduced brain volume and with proportionally greater reduction in what?

A

Prefrontal cortex

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15
Q

The ADHD may have low arousal thresholds; this reflects abnormalities in how what responds to stimuli?

A

Dopamine

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16
Q

What is dopamine and noradrenergic pathways also contribute too?

A

ADHD

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17
Q

Methylphenidate; Ritalin; and mextadate are used to treat what?

18
Q

What are three drugs used to treat ADHD?

A

Dextroamphetamine; dexa-; and Adderall; and dexmethylphenidate

19
Q

What types of medications are methylphenidate and amphetamine?

A

Dopamine agonists

20
Q

What is the methylphenidate mechanism of action?

A

Dopamine reuptake inhibitor; dopamine agonist

21
Q

What is the MOA of amphetamine?

A

Amphetamine reverse the flow of monoamine transporters

22
Q

Stimulant drugs activate what?

A

The prefrontal cortex; which regulates attention and controls; impulsive acting out behavior

23
Q

What is a non stimulant medication for ADHD; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor?

A

Atomoxetine

24
Q

What is a non-stimulant medication that is a selective alpha 2A receptor agonist; similar to an antidepressant?

A

Guanfacine

25
Q

What medication; also give for heart disease; is used to reduce ADHD-related symptoms in some children?

A

Fish oil; essential omega 3 fatty acids

26
Q

Adolescents with ADHD are more likely to be what?

27
Q

What are ADHD treatment?

A

Behavioral and cognitive therapy; EEG biofeedback; behavior modification

28
Q

What is the diagnostic criterion for autism A?

A

Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity, deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors, deficits in developing, amintaining, and understanding relationships

29
Q

WHat ASD is stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, highly restricted, fixated interests?

A

Criterion B

30
Q

Criterion C symptoms must be present when?

A

Developmental period

31
Q

Symptoms cause clinically significant impairment in what?

A

Social, occupational, or other important areas of current functioning

32
Q

Asperger’s Disorder has no clinically significant delays in what?

A

Language development

33
Q

What is the inability of a person to empathize or understand that people think or feel differently?

A

Mindlblindness

34
Q

Rett Syndrome is what?

A

Hand wringing, microcephaly

35
Q

Rett Syndrome is mostly females, with what?

A

head growth decelerates, purposefully acquired hand skills with hand development

36
Q

Rett Syndrome, after the regressive phase, females have what?

A

Breathing Problems, mental retardation, ataxia, loss of coordination, staggering gait

37
Q

Rett Syndrome is what gene that is bad?

38
Q

Autism, what is the first line treatment?

A

Behavioral techniques

39
Q

What are two antipsychotic medications for ASD?

A

Risperidone, Aripiprazole, can gain weight

40
Q

What is N-acetylcysteine role?

A

reverse transport of non vesicular glutamamte into the extracellular space

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