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neuro-psych > 1-31 notecards333 > Flashcards

1-31 notecards333 Flashcards

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1
Q

What vitamins must be analyzed for patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms?

A

B12 and B9

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2
Q

Clozapine or Carbamazepine must be monitored for what?

A

Agranulocytosis, low WBC, will show up as a severe throat infection

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3
Q

Clozapine look out for agranulocytosis, which a severe form of ___________.

A

Leukopenia

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4
Q

What is a first line drug for treating bipolar disorder? What two organs must be examined?

A

Lithium, look at thyroid and kidney

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5
Q

Lithium has a narrow what? Drug kinetics

A

Narrow therapeutic range

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6
Q

DST or dexamethasone suppression testing show what type of system problems?

A

Endocrine disturbances

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7
Q

When there is high and low cortisol, what is it?

A

High is Cushing Disease

Low is Addison’s Disease

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8
Q

What does Dexamethasone (synthetic cortisol) suppress resulting in suppression of adrenal cortisol?

A

ACTH, body uses that as a negative feedback loop

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9
Q

About half the patients with major depressive disorder have a positive what?

A

DST, that is the usual suppression of cortisol is limited

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10
Q

Patients with a positive DST, will respond well to what?

A

Antidepressant agents or electroconvulsive therapy

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11
Q

Positive Dexamethasone suppression test is not specific to what?

A

Major depressive disorder

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12
Q

If not depression, what other things can trigger an abnormal thyroid function test?

A

Mimic depression and anxiety

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13
Q

Neonatal hypothyroidism results in what?

A

Mental Retardation/intellectual disability

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14
Q

Hypothyroidism may have what type of symptoms that indicates depression?

A

weakness, stiffness, poor appetite, constipation, menstrual abnormalities, slowed speech, apathy, impaired memory, and even hallucinations and delusions.

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15
Q

Large Goiter, bulging eyes, scaly plaques is what type of hyperthyroidism?

A

Grave’s Disease

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16
Q

What are symptoms of the hyperthyroidism?

A

Tachycardia, palpitations, heat tolerance, elevated TSH, free T4, the autonomic nervous system is overactive

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17
Q

What is a state of everything slows down, weak, walk with a shuffle, reflexes are slow, intolerant of cold, slowed heart rate and constipation, less sympathetic activation?

A

Hypothyroidism

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18
Q

Decreased sweating, muscle cramps, joint pain, bradycardia/decreased cardiac output?

A

Hypothyroidism

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19
Q

What is a specific form of cutaneous edema, hypothyroidism?

A

Myxedema

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20
Q

Myxedema is really what kind of disturbance? What are other symptoms?

A

Connective tissue

Peripheral edema, deepened voice, and elevated proteoglycans/GAG

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21
Q

Parathyroid hormone modulates serum what?

A

Calcium and phosphorus

22
Q

When para thyroid hormone is bad, low levels may produce what symptoms?

A

Depression, confusion, or delirium

23
Q

What does the moans, groans, stones, and bones characterization of what?

A

Hyperparathyroidism

24
Q

Hyperpigmentation of the skin, low blood pressure, pain, fainting, hypoglycemia, diarrhea, are physical signs of what?

A

Addison Disease

25
Q

Addisson has depression, fatigue, psychosis, and what else?

A

Confusion, psych components

26
Q

Cushing disease is found by elevated what?

Has what classic physical symptoms?

A

Glucocorticoids

Moon face and buffalo hump

27
Q

Patients with depression may have what other endocrine disturbances (name the hormones)?

A

Growth Hormone, melatonin, and gonadotropin

28
Q

Some atypical anti-psychotic agents have associated with what serum markers?

What is one other psych disease?

A

Elevated glucose, development of diabetes, look for glycosylated hemoglobin

Delirium

29
Q

If a metabolic/enzyme disorders with psych symptoms are bad, what might they have?

A

Acute intermittent porphyria

30
Q

Elevated porphobilinogen is what disease, with a purple urine, window sill test?

A

Acute intermittent porphyria

31
Q

A structural form of imaging, looked at enlarge brain ventricles, major neurocognitive disorder?

A

Xray … CT scans

32
Q

MRI are used for structural techniques, shows what really?

A

Physical appearance, no ionizing radiation

33
Q

The NMRI allows you to diagnosis what condition?

A

Multiple Sclerosis, look for demyelinating disease

34
Q

What technique allows localization of the brain for physiologically specific tasks?

A

Positron Emission Tomography

35
Q

Localizes parts of the brain, looks at functional and structural data, can reveal structures and processes associated with perception?

A

Functional MRI

36
Q

What is similar to PET or fMRI, more practical for clinical use?

A

Single photon emission tomography (SPECT)

37
Q

What measures electrical activity in the cortex, is diagnosing epilepsy and delirium?

A

EEG

38
Q

Can tell the difference between delirium and dementia?

A

EEG, dementia is normal EEG

39
Q

What does amobarbital sodium affect in the patient?

A

Relax them, helps to discover disinhibition if organic (something else) or actual psych

40
Q

What do sedatives help do for patient interviews?

A

Help the patient relax, high levels of anxiety, mute psychotic states

41
Q

Test to see if a patient has panic attacks or not?

A

Sodium Lactate, don?t really do this, CO2 can do this too

42
Q

Galvanic skin test tests for what?

A

Lie detector, results in decreased skin resistance

43
Q

What test is used for meningitis, look at CSF?

A

Spinal Tap

44
Q

Intracranial hypertension has too much vitamin what?

A

Vitamin A, look at with Lumbar Puncture

45
Q

What is the change in a person that encompass biological, psych, and social process over a lifespan, and is heavily influenced by the historical and cultural context?

A

Development

46
Q

What refers to the ability of neural connections to reorganize themselves?

A

Plasticity

47
Q

In the developing brain, the extension of dendritic arms of the cells is what?

A

Arborization

48
Q

Pruning is neuronal loss, brain becomes better, but what age does this happen?

A

Increases about age 2

49
Q

What part of the brain myelinates later, influencing attention, decision making, and impulse control?

A

Frontal lobe

50
Q

Language acquisition goes on for the first five years, after that many processes are not as touchy. What are the periods during the first five years refer too?

A

Critical/Sensitive periods/Windows

51
Q

Neural networks, each experience their own pattern, priming occurs, here which is what?

A

One stimulus influences another one

52
Q

What is a popular molecular hypothesis used to account for environmental contributions to schizophrenia?

A

Epigenetics

neuro-psych (15 decks)

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