Fatty acid synthase action

Question 1

What is the first part of the first step of FA biosynthesis?

Answer 1

Reaction between Biotin and HCO3 -

Question 2

What is the useful product formed via the reaction between biotin and HCO3 -?

Answer 2

Biotin-CO2

Question 3

What enzyme is used in the second part of the first step of fatty acid biosynthesis?

Answer 3

Transcarboxylase

Question 4

What is the second step of fatty acid biosynthesis?

Answer 4

Chain elongation

Question 5

How are long chain fatty acids formed?

Answer 5

Additions of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA

Question 6

Role of acetyl-CoA in chain extension?

Answer 6

Primes the reaction, and becomes the methyl terminus of the fatty acid chain

Question 7

Role of malonyl-CoA in chain extension?

Answer 7

Each one provides a 2 carbon unit to extend the chain

Question 8

What is needed for chain extension other than acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA?

Answer 8

NADPH and H+

Question 9

How many NADPH and H+ are needed per malonyl-CoA?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

Overall reactants for FA biosynthesis (combining steps)?

Answer 10

acetyl-CoA, ATP, NADPH and H+

Question 11

Reactants for formation of palmitate?

Answer 11

8 acetyl-CoA, 7 ATP, 14 NADPH and 14 H+

Question 12

Why is 8 acetyl-CoA needed for the formation of palmitate?

Answer 12

1 is needed for the methyl terminus of palmitate, the other 7 are used to make 7 malonyl-CoA

Question 13

Why is 7 ATP needed for the formation of palmitate?

Answer 13

It is used to make 7 malonyl-CoA from 7 acetyl-C-A

Question 14

What happens to the CO2 used in the first step of FA biosynthesis?

Answer 14

It is replenished as the second step produces the same amount of CO2 that the first step uses

Question 15

What are the overall products of FA biosynthesis (combining steps)?

Answer 15

FA, CoA, H20, ADP, PI, NADP+

Question 16

Overall products of palmitate formation?

Answer 16

palmitate, 8 CoA, 6H2O, 7 ADP, 7 PI and 14 NADP+

Question 17

What catalyses the second step of FA biosynthesis?

Answer 17

Fatty acid synthase

Question 18

Where is fatty acid synthetase found?

Answer 18

In the cytosol

Question 19

How is it known that FA synthase is found in the cytosol?

Answer 19

It is found in the cytosolic fraction of cells

Question 20

What does fatty acid synthase require in order to work?

Answer 20

Malonyl-CoA, acetyl-CoA and NADPH

Question 21

First part of first enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase ?

Answer 21

Acetyl-CoA is attached to Acyl Carrier Protein

Question 22

Reaction of first part of first step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 22

Acetyl-CoA–> acetyl-ACP + CoASH

Question 23

Second part of first enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 23

Acetyl group is transferred to the beta-ketoacyl ACP synthase protein/domain

Question 24

Second enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 24

Malonyl group is transferred to ACP

Question 25

Enzyme used in second step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 25

Malonyl transacylase

Question 26

Third enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 26

Acetyl group that is bound to beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase is joined to the malonyl ACP molecule

Question 27

What small molecule is released in the third enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 27

CO2

Question 28

Fourth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 28

Reduction of the Beta-ketoacyl-ACP

Question 29

What functional group is reduced in the fourth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 29

The carbonyl group furthest away from the S-ACP, to an alcohol

Question 30

Product of the fourth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 30

beta-hydroxylacyl-ACP

Question 31

Enzyme used in the fourth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 31

beta-ketoacyl ACP reductase

Question 32

Fifth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 32

Dehydration of beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP

Question 33

Which functional group is dehydrated in the fifth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 33

Alcohol group

Question 34

Product of the fifth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 34

alpha beta trans enoyl-ACP

Question 35

Enzyme used in the fifth step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 35

beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydrase

Question 36

Formula of product of fifth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 36

CH3CHCHCO~S-ACP

Question 37

Sixth step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 37

Reduction (hydrogenation) of alpha beta trans enoyl-ACP

Question 38

Which functional group is reduced in the sth step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 38

Alkene

Question 39

Product of the sixth step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 39

acyl-ACP

Question 40

Formula of product of sixth enzymatic step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 40

CH3CH2CH2CO~S-ACP

Question 41

Enzyme used in sixth step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 41

enoyl-ACP reductase

Question 42

What happens to the acyl part of the acyl-ACP group after the sixth step of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 42

Ity is transferred to the beta-ketoacyl synthase domain of the protein

Question 43

Last 2C addition part of fatty acid synthase?

Answer 43

palmitoyl-ACP--> Palmitaie + ACP-SH

Question 44

Enzyme catalysing final step of formation of palmitate?

Answer 44

palmitoyl thoesterase