Fats and Oils as Feedstuffs

Question 1

why are fats and oils generally added to a diet? (2)

Answer 1

1. to increase palatability

2. to reduce dust bc lipids are wetter

Question 2

where do fats come from? what state are they in?

Answer 2

animals; solid state at room temp bc saturated

Question 3

where do oils come from?

Answer 3

vegetables or marine animals (fish oil); liquid at room temp because unsaturated

Question 4

list and describe the 3 animal fats

Answer 4

1. tallow: fat from beef and lamb
2. lard: fat from pork
3. grease: fat from cooking any meat

Question 5

what is the issue with use of fats and oils in feedstuffs?

Answer 5

prone to rancidity

Question 6

what is rancidity?

Answer 6

when oxygen reacts with fat and causes a foul odor

Question 7

what are the 2 issues with rancidity?

Answer 7

1. decreases palatability

2. toxic to animals

Question 8

what is added to fats and oils in high fat diets to prevent rancidity?

Answer 8

antioxidants

Question 9

at what percentage is fat usually added to a diet?

Answer 9

3-5% max

Question 10

why is fat not added at a high percentage to a diet?

Answer 10

animals are not very tolerant to high fat diets

Question 11

in what two animals are high fat diets better?

Answer 11

swine and poultry

Question 12

what happens with high fat diets with pork sometimes?

Answer 12

fed fat gets incorporated into intramuscular and leads to PSE (pale, soft, exudative) decreased meat quality

Question 13

why are ruminants less tolerant of high fat diets?

Answer 13

PUFAs are toxic to microbes, so PUFAs must go through biohydrogenation, and since nile is not secreted into the rumen, fat just coats everything and can kill rumen microbes