Fat

Question 0

Intramuscular triglycerides

Answer 0

Typically located adjacent to mitochondria in muscle tissue

Question 1

Reesterification

Answer 1

Process where new triglycerides are formed in adipose tissue

Question 2

Hormone – sensitive lipase

Answer 2

Liberates FA’s from IMTGs within muscle tissue

Question 3

Carnitine

Answer 3

Transport FA’s to the mitochondria

Question 4

Lipoysis

Answer 4

The breakdown of triglycerides into FA’s and glycerol

Question 5

B – oxidation pathway

Answer 5

Acetyl-CoA is split in the mitochondria to produce ATP

Question 6

Glycerol

Answer 6

Used in the liver to produce new glucose

Question 7

List the four major Storage forms of fat in the human body in order from lowest potential energy storage to greatest potential energy storage

Answer 7

A) plasma FA’s
B) plasma triglycerides
C) intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG’s)
D) Adipose tissue

Question 8

_______ muscle fibers have a greater concentration of IMTG’s which are typically located adjacent to _____ within the tissue.

Answer 8

Type 1, mitochondria

Question 9

True or false?

During resting conditions, 30% of FA’s are reesterfied inside adipose tissue.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

List for adaptations that promote enhanced fat oxidation in the muscle tissue of aerobically trained individuals

Answer 10

A) increased mitochondrial density and oxidative enzymes in trained muscle
B) increased capillary density
C) increased F a transporter concentrations in the sarcolemma of muscle

Question 11

True or false?

CHO intake before exercise reduces FA utilization during exercise

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What two major factors regulate fat metabolism during exercise

Answer 12

A) fat availability

B) The rate of CHO utilization

Question 13

MCTs are popular among bodybuilders as they are not _______ and provide significant ________

Answer 13

Preferentially stored in the body

Energy

Question 14

True or false?

Facial oil has been shown to improve cellular membrane function and provides omega-6 essential fatty acid’s

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Triglycerides are broken down into which of the following to be used for energy?
A) enzymes and cholesterol
B) fatty acid’s in glycerol
C) glucose and polyunsaturated fatty acid
D) Keytone bodies and ATP

Answer 15

B) fatty acid and glycerol

Question 16

Which of the following is not a source from which FA's can be derived and then utilize during exercise?
A) adipose tissue triglycerides
B) circulation
C) IMTGs
D) glycerol

Answer 16

D) glycerol

Question 17

Which of the following is the primary transporter of FAs in the bloodstream?

A) Carnitine
B) plasma triglycerides
C) very low density lipoprotein’s (VLDLs)
D) albumin

Answer 17

D) Albumin

Question 18

Which of the following is not a step involved in fat metabolism?

A) adrenal hormones stimulate lipolysis in adipose tissue to liberate FAs and glycerol.
B) FAs are removed from adipose with adequate blood flow and albumin concentration.
C) protein carriers function to transport FAs across the sarcolemma of muscle cells.
D) FAs in muscle cytoplasm are enzymatically triggered to form carnitine

Answer 18

D) FAs in muscle cytoplasm are enzymatically triggered to form carnitine

Question 19

Maximal fat utilization during exercise is seen at approximately which intensity?

A) 40% of VO2 max
B) 50%
C) 60%
D) 70%

Answer 19

C) 60% of VO2 max

Question 20

Which of the following would not promote increased fat utilization as a fuel during exercise?

A) lower level of aerobic fitness
B) lower exercise intensity
C) longer exercise duration
D) engaging in a high-fat, low carb diet

Answer 20

A) lower level of aerobic fitness

Question 21

Which of the following forms of nutritional fat can contribute to energy during exercise?

A) phospholipids
B) cholesterol
C) MCTs
D) Fish oil

Answer 21

C) Medium chain triglycerides

Question 22

Which of the following is an undesirable effects of LCT indigestion during exercise?

A) they slow gastric emptying
B) are released into circulation that a very slow rate
C) enter circulation bound to chylomicrons which are believed to be an insignificant fuel source
D) all of the above

Answer 22

D) all of the above

Question 23

Which of the following selections related to fasting is incorrect?

A) fasting increases the availability of lipid substrates
B) fasting significantly reduce his performance at high-intensity’s
C) resting decreases FA oxidation at rest and during exercise
D) fasting lowers liver glycogen stores

Answer 23

C) fasting decreases FA oxidation at rest and during exercise

Question 24

Which of the following supplements is believed to stimulate like a lyses and enhance mobilization of FA’s?

A) pyruvate
B) chromium
C) Carnitine
D) caffeine

Answer 24

D) caffeine