Fat Flashcards
Intramuscular triglycerides
Typically located adjacent to mitochondria in muscle tissue
Reesterification
Process where new triglycerides are formed in adipose tissue
Hormone – sensitive lipase
Liberates FA’s from IMTGs within muscle tissue
Carnitine
Transport FA’s to the mitochondria
Lipoysis
The breakdown of triglycerides into FA’s and glycerol
B – oxidation pathway
Acetyl-CoA is split in the mitochondria to produce ATP
Glycerol
Used in the liver to produce new glucose
List the four major Storage forms of fat in the human body in order from lowest potential energy storage to greatest potential energy storage
A) plasma FA’s
B) plasma triglycerides
C) intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG’s)
D) Adipose tissue
_______ muscle fibers have a greater concentration of IMTG’s which are typically located adjacent to _____ within the tissue.
Type 1, mitochondria
True or false?
During resting conditions, 30% of FA’s are reesterfied inside adipose tissue.
False
List for adaptations that promote enhanced fat oxidation in the muscle tissue of aerobically trained individuals
A) increased mitochondrial density and oxidative enzymes in trained muscle
B) increased capillary density
C) increased F a transporter concentrations in the sarcolemma of muscle
True or false?
CHO intake before exercise reduces FA utilization during exercise
True
What two major factors regulate fat metabolism during exercise
A) fat availability
B) The rate of CHO utilization
MCTs are popular among bodybuilders as they are not _______ and provide significant ________
Preferentially stored in the body
Energy
True or false?
Facial oil has been shown to improve cellular membrane function and provides omega-6 essential fatty acid’s
False
Triglycerides are broken down into which of the following to be used for energy?
A) enzymes and cholesterol
B) fatty acid’s in glycerol
C) glucose and polyunsaturated fatty acid
D) Keytone bodies and ATP
B) fatty acid and glycerol
Which of the following is not a source from which FA's can be derived and then utilize during exercise? A) adipose tissue triglycerides B) circulation C) IMTGs D) glycerol
D) glycerol
Which of the following is the primary transporter of FAs in the bloodstream?
A) Carnitine
B) plasma triglycerides
C) very low density lipoprotein’s (VLDLs)
D) albumin
D) Albumin
Which of the following is not a step involved in fat metabolism?
A) adrenal hormones stimulate lipolysis in adipose tissue to liberate FAs and glycerol.
B) FAs are removed from adipose with adequate blood flow and albumin concentration.
C) protein carriers function to transport FAs across the sarcolemma of muscle cells.
D) FAs in muscle cytoplasm are enzymatically triggered to form carnitine
D) FAs in muscle cytoplasm are enzymatically triggered to form carnitine
Maximal fat utilization during exercise is seen at approximately which intensity?
A) 40% of VO2 max
B) 50%
C) 60%
D) 70%
C) 60% of VO2 max
Which of the following would not promote increased fat utilization as a fuel during exercise?
A) lower level of aerobic fitness
B) lower exercise intensity
C) longer exercise duration
D) engaging in a high-fat, low carb diet
A) lower level of aerobic fitness
Which of the following forms of nutritional fat can contribute to energy during exercise?
A) phospholipids
B) cholesterol
C) MCTs
D) Fish oil
C) Medium chain triglycerides
Which of the following is an undesirable effects of LCT indigestion during exercise?
A) they slow gastric emptying
B) are released into circulation that a very slow rate
C) enter circulation bound to chylomicrons which are believed to be an insignificant fuel source
D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Which of the following selections related to fasting is incorrect?
A) fasting increases the availability of lipid substrates
B) fasting significantly reduce his performance at high-intensity’s
C) resting decreases FA oxidation at rest and during exercise
D) fasting lowers liver glycogen stores
C) fasting decreases FA oxidation at rest and during exercise
Which of the following supplements is believed to stimulate like a lyses and enhance mobilization of FA’s?
A) pyruvate
B) chromium
C) Carnitine
D) caffeine
D) caffeine
