Energy

Question 0

Energy Efficiency is?

Answer 0

Efficiency is expressed as the total work accomplished after energy is expended.
(Can be applied to muscular contractions)

Question 1

1 calorie equals?

Answer 1

4.186 Joules

Question 2

Energy economy is?

Answer 2

Economy is expressed as the oxygen uptake required to exercise at a given intensity.
People with a lower exercise economy expand more calories in a given workload due to system in efficiency.

Question 3

Energy

Answer 3

Energy represents the capacity to perform work

Question 4

Open circuit spirometry

Answer 4

Is a method of measuring exercise energy expenditure

Question 5

Direct calorimetry

Answer 5

Measurement of heat to determine energy expenditure

Question 6

Coefficient of digestibility

Answer 6

Percentage of food energy that is absorbed

Question 7

Nitrogen

Answer 7

Found in all animal protein sources

Question 8

Calorie

Answer 8

Energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C

Question 9

Respiratory quotient

Answer 9

Reveals the primary substrate used during exercise

Question 10

Joule

Answer 10

Energy needed to move mass of 1 g at at the lost city of 1 m/s

Question 11

Labeled bicarbonate

Answer 11

Example of a tracer method for measuring energy expenditure

Question 12

Work

Answer 12

Force x distance

Question 13

______ _________is the ratio of total work to energy expended

Answer 13

Gross efficiency

Question 14

True or false
Fiber reduces the coefficient of digestibility of a meal and promotes rapid transport of digested food through the intestines

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Rank the following food products from highest (1) to lowest (5) in relation to their coefficient of digestibility

Egg protein 
vegetable protein 
legume protein 
dairy fat 
vegetable fat

Answer 15

Egg protein - 1
dairy fat - 2
vegetable fat - 3
vegetable protein - 4
legume protein - 5

Question 16

Identify the caloric yield per gram consumed for the following macronutrients based on that Atwater factors.

Carbohydrates
Fats
proteins

Answer 16

Carbohydrates - 4 kcal
Fats - 9 kcal
proteins - 4 kcal

Question 17

List three methods of measuring energy expenditure through indirect calorimetry

Answer 17

Closed circuit spirometry
Open circuit spirometry
Use of respiration chamber
Douglas

Question 18

True or false
The thermic affect of exercise is normally between 15-30% but can account for up to 80% of daily energy expenditure during elite level, heavy endurance training competitions.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

If _________ was the predominant fuel source during an exercise session, the measured respiratory quotient would be around 0.7

Answer 19

Fat

Question 20

List three primary components of energy expenditure

Answer 20

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
Thermic effect of food (TEF)
Thermic effect of exercise (TEE)

Question 21

True or false

The thermic effect of food can increase energy expenditure for up to eight hours after ingestion of a meal.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

If energy intake _________ Energy expenditure, the body will be in a positive caloric balance and weight gain will occur.

Answer 22

Exceeds

Question 23

Which of the following selections is defined by mechanical work expressed per unit of time?

A: Energy
B: Joule
C: power
D: net efficiency

Answer 23

C: power

Question 24

Approximately how efficient is the human body when using energy produced during muscular contractions or other forms of mechanical work?

Answer 24

20% efficient

Question 25

Which of the following devices can be used to directly measure the caloric content of a food product in the clinical setting? A: Spirometer B: Direct calorimetry chamber C: Douglas bag D: bomb Calorimeter

Answer 25

D: bomb calorimeter

Question 26

According to the Atwater energy values, fat provides approximately how many kilocalories per gram consumed?

Answer 26

9 kcal/g

Question 27

Which of the following food products has the highest coefficient of digestibility (COE)? A: plant source protein B: fat C: animal source protein D: sugar

Answer 27

D: sugar

Question 28

Which of the following would produce a respiratory quotient of 1.0 if it was the primary energy used during exercise? A: protein B: glucose C: glycogen D: fat

Answer 28

B: glucose

Question 29

Which of the following selections is the greatest component of energy expenditure among sedentary individuals? A: thermic effect of food (TEF) B: resting metabolic rate (RMR) C: thermic affect of exercise (TEE) D: hormonal actions related to emotion (HAE)

Answer 29

B: resting metabolic rate (RMR)

Question 30

Which of the following is incorrect as it relates to resting metabolic rate (RMR)? A: greater total muscle mass increases RMR B: RMR Increases with age C: actions of organs such as the liver, kidneys and heart account for up to 75% of the RMR D: genetics have a significant influence on RMR

Answer 30

B: RMR increases with age

Question 31

Which of the following nutrients would produce the greatest thermic effect and subsequent increase in energy expenditure hours after consumption? A: simple carbohydrates B: lean protein C: fat D: alcohol

Answer 31

B: lean protein

Question 32

Well trained endurance athletes have been documented expending calories at rates up to ________, making energy balance difficult A: 300 kcal per hour B: 750 kcal per hour C: 1,000 kcal per hour D: 1,300 kcal per hour

Answer 32

C: 1,000 kcal per hour