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Energy Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
0
Q

Energy Efficiency is?

A

Efficiency is expressed as the total work accomplished after energy is expended.
(Can be applied to muscular contractions)

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1
Q

1 calorie equals?

A

4.186 Joules

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2
Q

Energy economy is?

A

Economy is expressed as the oxygen uptake required to exercise at a given intensity.
People with a lower exercise economy expand more calories in a given workload due to system in efficiency.

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3
Q

Energy

A

Energy represents the capacity to perform work

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4
Q

Open circuit spirometry

A

Is a method of measuring exercise energy expenditure

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5
Q

Direct calorimetry

A

Measurement of heat to determine energy expenditure

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6
Q

Coefficient of digestibility

A

Percentage of food energy that is absorbed

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7
Q

Nitrogen

A

Found in all animal protein sources

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8
Q

Calorie

A

Energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C

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9
Q

Respiratory quotient

A

Reveals the primary substrate used during exercise

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10
Q

Joule

A

Energy needed to move mass of 1 g at at the lost city of 1 m/s

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11
Q

Labeled bicarbonate

A

Example of a tracer method for measuring energy expenditure

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12
Q

Work

A

Force x distance

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13
Q

______ _________is the ratio of total work to energy expended

A

Gross efficiency

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14
Q

True or false
Fiber reduces the coefficient of digestibility of a meal and promotes rapid transport of digested food through the intestines

A

True

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15
Q

Rank the following food products from highest (1) to lowest (5) in relation to their coefficient of digestibility

Egg protein 
vegetable protein 
legume protein 
dairy fat 
vegetable fat
A 
Egg protein - 1
dairy fat - 2
vegetable fat - 3
vegetable protein - 4
legume protein - 5
16
Q

Identify the caloric yield per gram consumed for the following macronutrients based on that Atwater factors.

Carbohydrates
Fats
proteins

A

Carbohydrates - 4 kcal
Fats - 9 kcal
proteins - 4 kcal

17
Q

List three methods of measuring energy expenditure through indirect calorimetry

A

Closed circuit spirometry
Open circuit spirometry
Use of respiration chamber
Douglas

18
Q

True or false
The thermic affect of exercise is normally between 15-30% but can account for up to 80% of daily energy expenditure during elite level, heavy endurance training competitions.

A

True

19
Q

If _________ was the predominant fuel source during an exercise session, the measured respiratory quotient would be around 0.7

A

Fat

20
Q

List three primary components of energy expenditure

A

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
Thermic effect of food (TEF)
Thermic effect of exercise (TEE)

21
Q

True or false

The thermic effect of food can increase energy expenditure for up to eight hours after ingestion of a meal.

A

True

22
Q

If energy intake _________ Energy expenditure, the body will be in a positive caloric balance and weight gain will occur.

A

Exceeds

23
Q

Which of the following selections is defined by mechanical work expressed per unit of time?

A: Energy
B: Joule
C: power
D: net efficiency

A

C: power

24
Q

Approximately how efficient is the human body when using energy produced during muscular contractions or other forms of mechanical work?

A

20% efficient

25
Q

Which of the following devices can be used to directly measure the caloric content of a food product in the clinical setting?

A: Spirometer
B: Direct calorimetry chamber
C: Douglas bag
D: bomb Calorimeter

A

D: bomb calorimeter

26
Q

According to the Atwater energy values, fat provides approximately how many kilocalories per gram consumed?

A

9 kcal/g

27
Q

Which of the following food products has the highest coefficient of digestibility (COE)?

A: plant source protein
B: fat
C: animal source protein
D: sugar

A

D: sugar

28
Q

Which of the following would produce a respiratory quotient of 1.0 if it was the primary energy used during exercise?

A: protein
B: glucose
C: glycogen
D: fat

A

B: glucose

29
Q

Which of the following selections is the greatest component of energy expenditure among sedentary individuals?

A: thermic effect of food (TEF)
B: resting metabolic rate (RMR)
C: thermic affect of exercise (TEE)
D: hormonal actions related to emotion (HAE)

A

B: resting metabolic rate (RMR)

30
Q

Which of the following is incorrect as it relates to resting metabolic rate (RMR)?

A: greater total muscle mass increases RMR
B: RMR Increases with age
C: actions of organs such as the liver, kidneys and heart account for up to 75% of the RMR
D: genetics have a significant influence on RMR

A

B: RMR increases with age

31
Q

Which of the following nutrients would produce the greatest thermic effect and subsequent increase in energy expenditure hours after consumption?

A: simple carbohydrates
B: lean protein
C: fat
D: alcohol

A

B: lean protein

32
Q

Well trained endurance athletes have been documented expending calories at rates up to ________, making energy balance difficult

A: 300 kcal per hour
B: 750 kcal per hour
C: 1,000 kcal per hour
D: 1,300 kcal per hour

A

C: 1,000 kcal per hour

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