Fall 2014 Test 2 Old Questions Flashcards
Chrone’s disease is
an autoimmune disease affecting endothelial layer of the large intestine
The action of the Teres major at the shoulder joint is:
extension
The action of the Brachioradialis is:
Flexion of the elbow
Impingement of the Suprasipatus tendon occurs:
due to weakness of the trees minor and infraspinatus
The pectorals minor:
Can cause depression of the shoulder girdle
The annular ligament:
Holds the head of the radius to the radial notch of the ulna
A prime mover for retraction or adduction of the shoulder girdle is:
Rhomboids
The subscapularis:
medially rotates the humerus
The lacteals are:
Found in the vili of the small intestine
Which one of the following muscles does not have its origin on the humerus?
Deltoid
Which of the following muscles has its origin on the outer surface of the first nine ribs?
Serratus anterior
The proximal joint of the radius and ulnar is
A pivot joint and is held in place by the annular ligament
Maximal ventilation occurs with a deflection of the diaphragm of ___ cm
10
The term used to describe the outward rotation of the forearm, causing the palms to face anteriorly is:
supination
The force of flexion at the elbow varies by position of the hand during contraction. This variation is due to the location of insertion of:
biceps brachii
Which head of the triceps is active during all extension of the elbow?
Medial
Shrugging of the shoulders is an example of:
elevation of the shoulder girdle
Coracobrachialis:
Adducts the shoulder joint
Which one of the following muscles does not help in flexion at the shoulder joint?
teres major
Lowering yourself from the bar during a chin up:
Is flexion at the shoulder joint and has the biceps as the prime mover
Which one of the following is passed thirdly by food going through the digestive tract?
ileum
Which one of the following is passed thirdly by digestive waste?
descending colon
Which of these is not part of the scapula?
Greater tuberosity
The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the:
acromion process
The cells that secrete hydrochloric acid are:
Parietal cells
Which one of the following does not act to increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine?
longitudinal columns
The latissimus doors would be best developed by
doing chin-ups
Which of these statements about the biceps brachia is incorrect?
It is inserted on the coronoid process of the ulna
Which of these is the insertion of the triceps brachii?
Olecranon process
The action of the Pectorals major at the shoulder joint is:
Adduction, flexion, medial rotation
Origin of Pectorals minor
Ventral Surfaces of ribs 3-5
Insertion of Teres minor
Greater Tubercle of the Humerus
Insertion of Latissimus dorsi:
Intertubecular groove of humerus
Action of Serratus anterior
Protracts and upward rotates the scapula
Insertion of Triceps brachii
Olecranon process of humerus
Origin of Brachialis
Anterior distal humerus
Insertion of Biceps brachii
Radial tuberosity
Action of Subscapularis
Medial rotation of the humerus
Origin of Flexor digitorum superficialis
medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent, anterior ulna
Action of Brachioradialis
Flexion of the elbow
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of C2 vertebra
Aka axis, has dens
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of C3 vertebra
Normal cervical vertebrae
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of C7 vertebra
large spinous process and is not bifid (forked)
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of 8-10th ribs
False ribs; the are all connected by one cartilage- not a distinct cartilage of their own
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of 11th and 12th ribs
Floating ribs that have no cartilage connecting them to the sternum
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of Muscular layer of the stomach within the G-I tract
Has 3 different types of muscle present that help with breaking down food
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of teniae coli
draws up haustra and gathers the muscle in bunches
Give a distinguishing anatomical characteristic of oleo-cecal valve
Physiological sphincter that prevents regurgitation
Describe why the structure of the alveolar sac and its blood supply is well designed for its function
They have a high SA:V ratio and a small diffusion distance, which leads to good exchange.
The alveolar sacs need to be able to carry out gas exchange functionally in order to make sure the body/heart get the oxygenated blood it needs
Describe how the structure of the small intestine matches its function well
SI is for absorption so the microvilli and vili increase the surface area thus helping absorption
What are the total amount of the air exchanged per minute under resting and maximal ventilation conditions?
Resting–> 12 breaths per minute
Maximal–> 50-60 breaths per min
What is surfactant? What is the function?
Lipoprotein that reduces surface tension of tissues so they do not collapse on themselves
Describe two structures that prevent large molecules from entering the urine during filtration of the blood by glomerulus.
Glomerulus and bowman’s capsule
What is produced by the: Parietal cells
Hydrochloric Acid
What is produced by the Goblet cells
mucous
Describe rugae:
folds in stomach that increase surface area for absorption
Describe haustra
Gives the colon its sacculated appearance and gets drawn up by teenier coli
It compacts the waste
Describe tenia coli
Draws up hausfrau and gathers the muscle in bunches, runs the length of the large intestine
Describe Detrusor muscle
In the bladder relaxes to fill with urine and contracts to empty bladder
Describe plicae circularis
Found in small intestine; they are bumps that increase surface area for absorption
Describe Lacteals
Inner part of the vili; absorb food stuffs
Discuss why Marfan syndrome which is characterized by looseness of the joint is potentially life threatening.
Genetic, connective tissues is not formed as well. Loose jointed which causes and in crease in flexibility. Deadly because it causes weakness of the blood vessels which can lead to a rupture of the BV (embolism/hemorrhage) under high pressure
Contrast an anatomical sphincter with a physiological sphincter
Anatomical: has an additional circular layer that helps with closure
Physiological: muscle is just thickened
