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BnB > Eye pathology > Flashcards

Eye pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Presbyopia occurs in

A

older people with non-accommodating lenses

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2
Q

Raccoon eyes after MVA

A

Basilar skull fractures

ear to ear

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3
Q

Exophthalmos is infiltrated with

A

myxedema

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4
Q

Blepharitis

A

infection of the eyelid

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5
Q

BCC usually predelictation for

A

lower eyelid and medial canthus

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6
Q

Conjunctival Hemorrhage tx

A

very common, no tx it will resolve but will change colors

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7
Q

Pink eye bacteria?

A

H. Influenzae (matting in the morning)

Strep Pneumoniae

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8
Q

Epido keratoconjunctivitis and swimming could be caused by

A

Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

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9
Q

Ophthalmia neonatorum caused by and prophylaxis?

A

Gonococcal

Ceftriaxone

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10
Q

Leading cause of blindness worldwide?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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11
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca and dry mouth could be caused by

A

Sjogren Syndrome

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12
Q

Cyclosporin could treat idiopathic

A

dry eye

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13
Q

Pterygium is vascularized conjunctival tissue that grows over the iris. Where does it grow?

A

From medial canthus

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14
Q

Blue sclera could be due to

A

Osteogenisis imperfecta

Tyndall effect

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15
Q

Corneal basement membrane does not regenerate true or false?

A

Descemet’s Membrane doesn’t regenerate

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16
Q

Corneal Abrasion can be dx’d with

A

Fluorescein on eye then view through blacklight

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17
Q

Corneal Ulcers usually caused by and tx’d with

A

Herpes Simplex, chinese character appearance under blacklight

you can spread this from towels gross

tx: acyclovir

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18
Q

Acanthamoeba

A

can live on cornea

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19
Q

Fusarium lives on

A

grass

the example shows fungus growing on cornea. Steroids will make this worse

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20
Q

Cataracts occur in the

A

Lens

21
Q

Enucleated Lens?

A

cataracts

22
Q

Excavation of the optic nerve and progressive loss of visual field sensitivity

A

Glaucoma

23
Q

Congenital Glaucoma most frequent? Ocular emergency?

A

Primary open-angle

Primary closed-angle (ocular emergency)

24
Q

How can you see the fovea on ophthalmoscope?

A

ask pt to look directly at the scope

25
Q

Layers of the retina

A

Pigmented epithelium
Photoreceptors
External Limiting membrane
Outer nuclear

Outer Plexiform (cone and rod axons, horizontal cell dendrites, bipolar dendrites)

Inner Nuclear (axons of bipolar cells and amacrine cells, dendrites of ganglion cells)

Ganglion cells (nuclei of ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells)

Axons (nerve fibers from ganglion cells traversing retina to leave the optic disk)

Internal limiting membrane (separates the retina from the vitreous)

26
Q

Layers of the retina

A

Pigmented epithelium
Photoreceptors
External Limiting membrane
Outer nuclear

Outer Plexiform (cone and rod axons, horizontal cell dendrites, bipolar dendrites)

Inner Nuclear (axons of bipolar cells and amacrine cells, dendrites of ganglion cells)

Ganglion cells (nuclei of ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells)

Axons (nerve fibers from ganglion cells traversing retina to leave the optic disk)

Internal limiting membrane (separates the retina from the vitreous)

27
Q

Flame-shaped hemorrhages common in

A

Shaken baby syndrome or trauma

28
Q

AV Nicking, micor-aneurysms, cotton wool spots (infarction)

A

Hypertension

29
Q

What could cause retinal vascular occlusion?

A

Vasculitis (temporal arteritis, Takayasu Aortitis)
Dissection
Spasm (meth/amphetamines)

30
Q

Exudates out of the macular star and thickened arteries?

A

Hypertensive retinopathy

31
Q

Proliferative retinopathy could appear

A

5-15 years after onset of disease, often within 5 years of death from vascular causes

eye looks like arteries forming the tree of life

32
Q

Non-proliferative retinopathy

A

Hemorrhage
thickened vessels
microaneurysms
exudates

33
Q

Retinopathy of Prematurity (Retro-lental fibroplasia)

A

high oxygen tension (HMD)

34
Q

Retinitis

looks black by optic disk

A

Histo
Toxoplasmosis
CMV
Toxocara

35
Q

Toxocariasis can be caused by a dog because

A

dogs transmits gross larvae into your eye, can go through retina causing inflammation and injury

36
Q

Rhegmatogenous Retinal tear from trauma from collapse of

A

vitreous

37
Q

Non-rhegmatogenous is a retinal detachment in which

A

collection of fluid between the retina and the pigment epithelium occurring during choroiditis or melanoma

38
Q

Papilledema can show up as a choked disk and indicates

A

increased intracranial pressure

can be from tumor neoplasm

39
Q

Retinoblastoma arise from

A

Immature retinal neurons

40
Q

Leukokoria (white eye) could indicate

A

Rb, can spread to the CNS

41
Q

is Rb inherited?

A

most are spontaneous and associated with osteosarcoma

42
Q

Rb can form _______ on histo

A

rosettes

43
Q

Most common primary malignancy of eye is

A

melanoma

44
Q

most common malignancy in the eye

A

metastatic carcinoma usually involving the uveal tract

45
Q

Mets of uveal tract melanoma???

A

Hematogenous spread usually to the liver

46
Q

most common malignancy in the eye

A

metastatic carcinoma usually involving the uveal tract

can cause the pupil to retract

47
Q

Mets of uveal tract melanoma???

A

Hematogenous spread usually to the liver

48
Q

Tx of uveal tract melanoma?

A

Radiation or enucleation

BnB (22 decks)

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