embryology

Question 1

Brachial clefts are

Answer 1

outer portion of the arches and are ectodermal

Question 2

Pharyngeal pouches are deep to the cleft and are

Answer 2

endodermal

Question 3

CN and Branchial arches

That Fucking Girl Vomited

Answer 3

1: Trigeminal
2: Facial Nerve
3: Glossopharyngeal
4: Superior Laryngeal Branch of the Vagus
6th: Recurrnt branch of the vagus

Question 4

Branchial arch cartliage for Branchial Arch 1

Answer 4

Meckel’s cartilage: mandible
malleus
incus
sphenomandibular lig

Question 5

Branchial arch cartilage of Arch 2

Answer 5

Reichart's cartilage:
stapes
styloid process of temporal bone
lesser horn of hyoid
stylohyoid ligament

Question 6

Third branchial arch cartilage derivatives

Answer 6

Greater horn of the hyoid

Question 7

4-6 Branchial arch cartilage forms

Answer 7

cartilage fuses to form the thryoid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform cartilage of the larynx

Question 8

Branchial pouchderivatives

Answer 8

1: tympanic cavity, auditory tube (eustachian)
2: Palatine Tonsils and tonsilar fossa, muscles of facial expression
3: Inferorior Parathyroid Gland, Thymus
4-6: Superior Parathyroid Gland, PF cells of the thyroid

Question 9

Thyroglossal cysts

Answer 9

remnants of the thyroglossal duct anywhere along the migration pathway of the thyroid gland

will be midline

Question 10

Ectopic Thyroid tissue is usually found

Answer 10

base of the tongue behind the foramen cecum

Question 11

digeorge will present with

Answer 11

Thymic aplasia

Question 12

Pierre-Robin main issue

Answer 12

Micrognathia and subsequent glossoptosis, cleft palate

Question 13

Holoprosenchapaly signaling molecule?

Answer 13

SHH important for neural crest cell migration

Question 14

Premigratory neural crest cells created when?

Answer 14

first 4 months

Question 15

What is neural crest derived?

Answer 15

bones of the middle ear

Question 16

Maxillary process doesn’t fuse to lateral and medial process?

Answer 16

oblique atypical cleft up to eye

Question 17

maxillary fails to fuse to lateral nasal process would be

Answer 17

cleft lip (later)

Question 18

MAxillary and mandibular processes come from?

Answer 18

1st branchial arch

Question 19

What foramen divides the primary and secondary palate?

Answer 19

The Incisive foramen

Question 20

cleft lip is failure of

Answer 20

maxillary process to lateral nasal process

Question 21

cleft palate is the due to the failure of

Answer 21

palatal processes to fuse