Eye: Diagnostic & Symptomatic Terms Flashcards
eye strain
asthenopia
involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye, causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing
blepharospasm
double vision
diplopia
abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs
exophthalmos
secretion of tears
lacrimation
involuntary, rapid oscillating movement of the eyeball
nystagmus
extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from, light
photophobia
blind spot in vision
scotoma
defects in the bending of light as it enters the eye, causing an improper focus in the retina
refractive errors
distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina
astigmatism
farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays extend beyond the proper focus on the retina
hyperopia
nearsightedness; difficult seeing distant objects when light rays fall short of the proper focus on the retina
myopia
impaired vision owing to old age loss of accommodation
presbyopia
ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects
accommodation
decreased vision in early life due to a functional defect that can occur as a result of strabismus, refractive errors or trauma; usually occurs in one eye, also know as lazy eye
ambylopia
absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction
aphakia
inflammation of the eyelid
blepharitis
baggy eyelid; overabundance and loss of elasticity of skin on the upper eyelid, causing a fold of skin to hang down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open
blepharochalasis
baggy eyelid; overabundance and loss of elasticity of skin on the upper eyelid, causing a fold of skin to hang down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open
dermatochalasis
drooping of the eyelid usually caused by paralysis (aka ptosis)
blepharoptosis
chronic modular inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as a swelling of the upper or lower eyelid
chalazion
opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision
cataract
pinkeye; inflammation of the conjunctiva
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the lacrimal gland
dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the tear sac
dacryocystitis
disease of the retina in diabetics characterized by capillary leakage, bleeding, and new vessel formation, leading to scarring and loss of vision
diabetic retinopathy
outward turning of the rim of the eyelid
ectropion
inward turning of the rim of the eyelid
entropion
abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of lacrimal duct
epiphora
group of disease of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage of the optic nerve, producing defects in vision
glaucoma
sty; an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid
hordeolum
inflammation of the iris
iritis
inflammation of the cornea
keratitis
breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision
macular degeneration
eye in which the natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens implant
pseudophakia
fibrous growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea
pterygium
separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired
retinal detachment
inflammation of the retina
retinitis
crossed eyes; a condition of eye misalignment caused by an intraocular muscle imbalance
strabismus
when each eye at resting position is not consistent with each other
heterotropia
right or left eye deviates inward toward the nose
esotropia
right or left eye deviates outward away from the nose
exotropia
inflammation of the sclera
scleritis
misdirected eyelashes that rub on the conjunctiva or cornea
trichiasis
