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Med Terms Connor > Blood and Lymph: Symptomatic & Diagnostic Terms > Flashcards

Blood and Lymph: Symptomatic & Diagnostic Terms Flashcards

1
Q

the presence of small red blood cells

A

microcytosis

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2
Q

the presence of large red blood cells

A

macrocytosis

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3
Q

the presence of red blood cells of unequal size

A

anisocytosis

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4
Q

the presence of large, irregularly shaped blood cells

A

poikilocytosis

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5
Q

an increase in the number of immature erythrocytes in the blood

A

reticulocytosis

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6
Q

an abnormally reduced number of red blood cells

A

erythropenia

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7
Q

an abnormally reduced number of lymphocytes

A

lymphocytopenia

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8
Q

a decrease in the number of neutrophils

A

neutropenia

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9
Q

an abnormally reduced number of all cellular components in the blood

A

pancytopenia

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10
Q

breakdown of the red blood cell membrane

A

hemolysis

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11
Q

impaired immunological defenses caused by an immunodeficiency disorder or therapy with immunosuppressive agents

A

immunocompromised

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12
Q

impaired ability to provide an immune response

A

immunosuppression

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13
Q

the presence of enlarged (diseased) lymph nodes

A

lymphadenopathy

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14
Q

enlargement of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

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15
Q
  • acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
  • a syndrome caused by HIV(human immunodeficiency virus that renders immune cells ineffective permitting opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases to develop; it is transmitted sexually or through exposure to contaminated blood
A

AIDS

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16
Q

a condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red cells in the blood, resulting in a diminished ability of the red blood cells to transport oxygen to the tissues

A

anemia

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17
Q

a normocytic normchromic type of anemia characterized by the failure of the marrow to produce red blood cells

A

aplastic anemia

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18
Q

a microcytic-hypochromic type of anemia characterized by a lack of iron affecting the production of hemoglobin and characterized by small red blood cells containing low amounts of hemoglobin

A

iron deficiency anemia

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19
Q

a macrocytic-normchromic type of anemia characterized by an inadequate supply of vitamin B12, causing red blood cells to become large, varied in shape, and reduced in number

A

pernicious anemia

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20
Q

any disorder characterized by abnormal function of the immune system that causes the body to produce antibodies against itself, resulting in tissue destruction or loss of function; rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are examples of autoimmune diseases

A

autoimmune disease

21
Q

a disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus with an Rh-positive blood factor and a mother who is Rh-negative, causing red blood cell destruction in the fetus; necessitates a blood transfusion to save the fetus

A

erythroblastosis fetalis

22
Q

the presence or lack of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and the fetus, resulting in fetal anemia

A

Rh factor

23
Q

the presence of antigens

A

Rh positive

24
Q

the absence of antigens

A

Rh negative

25
Q

a hereditary disorder that results in excessive build up of iron deposits in the body

A

hemochromatosis

26
Q

a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in the clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood

A

hemophilia

27
Q

a chronic or acute malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, marked by abnormal leukocytes in the blood and bone marrow; classified according to the types of white cells affected

A

leukemia

28
Q

a disorder within the bone marrow characterized by the proliferation of abnormal stem cells; usually develops in a specific type of leukemia

A

myelodysplasia

29
Q

any neoplastic disorder of the lymph tissue, usually malignant, as in Hodgkin’s disease

A

lymphoma

30
Q

the process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to distant organs

A

metastasis

31
Q

a condition caused by the Epstein-Barr virus characterized by an increase in mononuclear cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) in the blood, along with enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), fatigue, and sore throat (pharyngitis)

A

mononucleosis

32
Q

an increase in the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood

A

polycythemia

33
Q

a systemic disease caused by the infection of microorganisms and their toxins in the circulating blood

A

septicemia

34
Q

a bleeding disorder characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood, which impairs the clotting process

A

thrombocytopenia

35
Q

CBC

A
  • complete blood count
  • the most common laboratory blood test performed as a screen for general health or for diagnostic purposes; includes RBC, WBC, HGB, and Hct
36
Q

RBC

A
  • red blood count

- a count of the number of red blood cells per cubic mm obtained by a manual or automated laboratory method

37
Q

WBC

A
  • white blood count

- the number of white blood cells per cubic mm obtained by manual or automated laboratory methods

38
Q

HGB

A

a test to determine the blood level of hemoglobin

39
Q

HCT

A
  • hematocrit

- a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood

40
Q

PLT

A
  • platelet count

- a calculation of the number of thrombocytes in the blood: normal ranges from 150,000-450,000/cubic mm

41
Q

ESR

A
  • erythrocyte sedimentation rate

- a timed test to measure the rate at which red blood cells settle or fall through a given volume of plasma

42
Q

PTT

A

-partial thromboplastin time
-a test to determine coagulation defects such as platelet disorders
(thromboplastin=a substance present in tissues, platelets, and leukocytes that is necessary for coagulation)

43
Q

PT

A
  • prothrombin time
  • a test to measure the activity of prothrombin, a protein substance in the blood that is essential to the clotting process, in the blood
44
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

45
Q

PMN

A
  • polymorphonuclear leukocyte

- another term for neutrophil, named for many segments present in the nucleus

46
Q

CT

A
  • computed tomography

- full body X-ray CT images are used to detect tumors and cancers such as lymphoma

47
Q

CO2

A

carbon dioxide

48
Q

Fe

A

iron

49
Q

BUN

A

-blood urea nitrogen

Med Terms Connor (33 decks)

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